Effects of isolated or combined carbohydrate and caffeine supplementation on tennis training performance: single-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover session

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dc.contributor.authorAbdioglu, Mekki
dc.contributor.authorMor, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorAlexe, Dan Iulian
dc.contributor.authorTodor, Raul Marian
dc.contributor.authorPanaet, Elena Adelina
dc.contributor.authorAlexe, Cristina Ioana
dc.contributor.authorAkca, Firat
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-25T14:20:26Z
dc.date.available2026-04-25T14:20:26Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground In long tennis matches, the number of unforced errors in groundstrokes increases. However, players need to maintain their successful strokes consistently in order to be successful in matches. To overcome this situation, tennis players utilize certain ergogenic supplements. In order to determine the most effective ergogenic supplement on players' performance, it is aimed to investigate the effects of caffeinated chewing gum (CAFGUM), carbohydrate gel (CHOGEL) and cho gel + cafe gum (CHOGEL + CAFGUM) on tennis players' basic strokes, countermovement jumps (CMJ), heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and gastrointestinal discomfort in a training session.Method The study included 14 male tennis players (mean age: 15.93 +/- 0.83 years, height: 173.86 +/- 6.89 cm, and body mass: 60.64 +/- 2.58 kg) with experience in national and international tournaments. Players ingested CHOGEL (21.1 g) + CAFGUM (100 mg) or CHOGEL (21.1 g) + gum placebo (PLAGUM) or CAFGUM (100 mg) or PLAGUM before a high-intensity workout and at the end of each set.Results The CHOGEL + CAFGUM session performed better groundstrokes than the control (CON) (p = 0.001) and the PLAGUM sessions (p = 0.001). When total RPE values were considered in the training session, the CHOGEL + CAFGUM session had lower RPE scores than the CON (p = 0.010) and PLAGUM (p = 0.044) sessions. The CHOGEL + PLAGUM session had significantly lower RPE scores than the CON (p = 0.005) and PLAGUM (p = 0.005) sessions. The CAFGUM session had significantly lower RPE scores than the CON (p = 0.013). It was observed that no supplements significantly affected either HR (p = 0.188) or CMJ (p = 0.349) scores.Conclusions In conclusion, there was a significant difference on basic strokes and RPE scores between CHOGEL + CAFGUM supplementation used before and during training compared with the control session. At the same time, there was no significant performance outcomes between CHOGEL and CAFGUM sessions.
dc.description.sponsorshipVasile Alecsandri University of Bacau, Romania; Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi
dc.description.sponsorshipThis article is extracted from my doctorate dissertation entitled Effects of Caffeine and Carbohydrates Separately and Together on Tennis Training Performance, supervised by Firat Akca and Ahmet Mor (Ph. D. Dissertation, Ankara University, Turkey, Ankara, 2023). Dan Iulian Alexe, Iulian Marius Dumitru, Cristina Ioana Alexe, Anca Raluca Tanasa thanks for the support and assistance provided by the Vasile Alecsandri University of Bacau, Romania and Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnut.2025.1608893
dc.identifier.issn2296-861X
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8145-8328
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0764-105X
dc.identifier.pmid40727690
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105011944533
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1608893
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/8569
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001537009800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media Sa
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Nutrition
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260420
dc.subjectgroundstrokes
dc.subjectergogenic aids
dc.subjecttennis
dc.subjectperformance
dc.subjecttraining
dc.titleEffects of isolated or combined carbohydrate and caffeine supplementation on tennis training performance: single-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover session
dc.typeArticle

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