Evaluation of water and sediment quality of Inalti Cave (Northern Turkiye) by using multivariate statistical methods

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dc.authoridAYDEMIR CIL, EYLEM/0000-0003-2405-1155
dc.authoridGurbuzer, Pinar/0000-0001-6298-8905
dc.authoridAydin Uncumusaoglu, Arzu/0000-0002-9676-7737
dc.contributor.authorCil, Eylem Aydemir
dc.contributor.authorUncumusaoglu, Arzu Aydin
dc.contributor.authorErgen, Seyda Fikirdesici
dc.contributor.authorGurbuzer, Pinar
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-23T19:44:28Z
dc.date.available2025-03-23T19:44:28Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractHeavy metals, which are among the important pollutants that threaten ecosystems, have been a particularly intriguing subject of accumulation studies. The present study aimed to reveal the water and sediment quality, pollution status, and their usability for living organisms in 10 stations for the first time in Inalti cave, which has two underground ponds. Concentrations of 9 heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Fe, Cd, Cr, Al) and 1 metalloid (As) were determined in samples taken. These results were compared to the limit values in Sediment Quality Guides (SQGs) and analyzed further using different sediment evaluation methods. SQG values revealed that the amounts of Cd and Ni are of concern. Examining the concentrations of metals in the water, the ranking by concentration was found to be Al > Cr > Pb > Cu > As > Mn and the elements were considered not to pose any environmental risk. The enrichment of detected Cd metal in the sediment is remarkable. In addition, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis were carried out in order to make the obtained data easier to understand and interpret. While designing the most appropriate action plans for water management, more clear and understandable information can be obtained by using these methods and interpreting the raw data. In the cave, individuals belonging to the Niphargus genus, a member of the Malacostraca class, Niphargidae Family, were identified in the sediment.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10661-023-11262-1
dc.identifier.issn0167-6369
dc.identifier.issn1573-2959
dc.identifier.issue6
dc.identifier.pmid37178185
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85159741245
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11262-1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/6942
dc.identifier.volume195
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000986436600002
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Monitoring and Assessment
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250323
dc.subjectFreshwater
dc.subjectCave
dc.subjectWater quality
dc.subjectSediment quality
dc.subjectMultivariate statistical analysis
dc.titleEvaluation of water and sediment quality of Inalti Cave (Northern Turkiye) by using multivariate statistical methods
dc.typeArticle

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