Pipecolic Acid, a Drought Stress Modulator, Boosts Chlorophyll Assimilation, Photosynthetic Performance, Redox Homeostasis, and Osmotic Adjustment of Drought-Affected Hordeum vulgare L. Seedlings

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dc.contributor.authorAktas, Nagihan
dc.contributor.authorFarouk, Saad
dc.contributor.authorAl-Ghamdi, Amal Ahmed Mohammed
dc.contributor.authorAlenazi, Ahmed S.
dc.contributor.authorAlmalki, Mona Abdulaziz Labeed
dc.contributor.authorDinler, Burcu Seckin
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-25T14:20:29Z
dc.date.available2026-04-25T14:20:29Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractWhile pipecolic acid (Pip) mediates morpho-physiological and molecular responses during biotic stress, its roles under drought remain an inexpressible mystery. The investigation aimed to elucidate the roles of a 30 mu M Pip pretreatment in alleviating drought injury on barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv, B & uuml;lb & uuml;l89) seedlings. Pip pretreatment under normal or drought conditions lowered the osmotic potential (Psi s) and water saturation deficit (WSD), while optimizing the relative water content (RWC), triggered osmotically energetic molecules (OEM) and salicylic acid (SA) accumulation, improving osmotic adjustment (OA), and boosting water retention and uptake capacity (WTC, and WUC), alongwith a considerable improvement in seedling growth over non-treated plants under such conditions. Additionally, Pip pretreatment improved chlorophyll (Chl), the chlorophyll stability index (CSI), pheophytina, chlorophyllidea (chlidea), chlorophyllideb (chlideb), chla/chlidea, chlb/chlideb, protoporphyrin, Mg-protoporphyrin, protochlorophyllide, and photosynthetic performance over non-treated plants under such conditions. Pip pretreatment preserves redox homeostasis in drought-stressed plants by accumulating antioxidant solutes alongside the activation of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase over non-treated plants. Drought distinctly reduced Psi s (more negative), RWC, photosynthetic pigment, CSI, chlorophyll assimilation intermediate, and photosynthetic performance, with an increment in chlorophyll degradation intermediate and nonenzymatic antioxidant solutes. Drought maintains OA capacity via a hyper-accumulation of OEM and SA, which results in higher WSD, WTC, and WUC. Drought triggered an oxidative burst, which was associated with a decline in the membrane stability index. These findings highlight Pip's capability for lessening drought stress-induced restriction in barley seedlings via bolstering oxidative homeostasis, OA capacity, and stabilizing chlorophyll biosynthesis. Future research must elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms underlying Pip's action in alleviating drought injury.
dc.description.sponsorshipTUBITAK [2221]; TUBITAK, Turkey [NBU-FFR-2025-394-01]; Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University, Arar, KSA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors extend their appreciation to TUBITAK, Turkey, for funding this project under the program of TUBITAK 2221; as well as the Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University, Arar, KSA, for funding this research work through the project number NBU-FFR-2025-394-01.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/plants14131949
dc.identifier.issn2223-7747
dc.identifier.issue13
dc.identifier.orcid0009-0002-7898-2457
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4105-2539
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7989-1368
dc.identifier.pmid40647958
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105010622580
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/plants14131949
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/8608
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001526158300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofPlants-Basel
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260420
dc.subjectchlorophyll metabolism
dc.subjectdrought stress
dc.subjectHordeum vulgare
dc.subjectoxidative homeostasis
dc.subjectpipecolic acid
dc.subjectsystemic acquired resistance
dc.titlePipecolic Acid, a Drought Stress Modulator, Boosts Chlorophyll Assimilation, Photosynthetic Performance, Redox Homeostasis, and Osmotic Adjustment of Drought-Affected Hordeum vulgare L. Seedlings
dc.typeArticle

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