First baseline data on the exposure and risk assessment of Ulva rigida C. Agardh (Chlorophyta) in Sinop, Turkiye

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dc.contributor.authorArici, Elif
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-25T14:19:48Z
dc.date.available2026-04-25T14:19:48Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to determine the extent to which Ulva rigida C. Agardh (green alga) can absorb metals and to what extent it can be used as food or an ingredient. Metal concentrations in U. rigida samples collected from the Sinop coasts were evaluated in relation to the surrounding environment, using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The acquired data were assessed in terms of human health and marine environmental health. The average element analysis results of seawater samples were as follows, in order: Mg > Ca > K > Fe > Zn > Pb > Co = Cd > Zn (mg L-1) and Na concentration was found above detection limits. The mean concentrations in sediments across the entire area (eight stations) were found in the order: Ca > Mg > K > Na > Fe > Zn > Cu > Co > Pb > Cd > Hg (mg kg-1). The Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) and Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF) results for metals were calculated below threshold values. BAF results showed high uptake for Cu, Fe, and Zn, while Cd, Hg, and Pb showed limited translocation. Cu levels varied significantly between stations (5.36-132.67 mg kg-1, p < 0.05), with the highest BSAF values at Tersane and DSI stations, indicating pollution in popular summer-use areas. Pb at Station 4 (Akliman) slightly exceeded low-effect sediment quality guideline (SQG) values, and Zn surpassed the pollution threshold (100 mg kg-1) at recreational stations during summer. Risk assessment revealed that although individual hazard quotients (HQs) were <1, cumulative hazard index exceeded the threshold for infants. Total cancer risk (TCR) values ranged from 1.14x10-6 to 5.02x10-5, suggesting low but non-negligible carcinogenic risk for consumers. The estimated daily intake (EDI) calculations showed that sea lettuce consumption rates for infants, children, and adults were below the reference dose values for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb, and Zn. The utilization of U. rigida poses a carcinogenic risk based on the Carcinogenic Risk Index for infants.
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordination of Scientific Research Projects of Sinop University (BAP-SNU) [SHMYO-1901-21-001]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was funded by the Coordination of Scientific Research Projects of Sinop University (BAP-SNU) under Project num-ber SHMYO-1901-21-001.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10811-025-03605-x
dc.identifier.endpage3369
dc.identifier.issn0921-8971
dc.identifier.issn1573-5176
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105013460113
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage3359
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-025-03605-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/8197
dc.identifier.volume37
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001551370000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.institutionauthorArici, Elif
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Applied Phycology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260420
dc.subjectChlorophyceae
dc.subjectHeavy metal
dc.subjectPollution
dc.subjectHealth risk
dc.subjectCarcinogenic risk
dc.titleFirst baseline data on the exposure and risk assessment of Ulva rigida C. Agardh (Chlorophyta) in Sinop, Turkiye
dc.typeArticle

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