Wrapped Cauchy Robust Approach to the Circular-Circular Regression Model

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dc.contributor.authorKaraibrahimoglu, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorAltuntas, Mutlu
dc.contributor.authorHamdan, Hani
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-25T14:20:29Z
dc.date.available2026-04-25T14:20:29Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractCircular-circular regression models are widely used to investigate relationships between angular variables in various applied fields, including biostatistics. The classical von Mises (vM) circular-circular regression model, however, is known to be sensitive to outliers due to its light-tailed error structure. In this study, we investigate the wrapped Cauchy (WC) circular-circular regression model as a robust alternative to the vM-based approach for analyzing circular data contaminated by outliers. Parameter estimation is performed via maximum likelihood (ML) using a modern constrained gradient-based optimization algorithm, namely the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithm with box constraints (L-BFGS-B), allowing for stable estimation under natural parameter bounds. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate that, under contaminated settings, the WC model provides substantially more stable parameter estimates than the vM model, yielding markedly lower mean squared error and variability, particularly for high concentration regimes and directional outliers. The robustness advantage of the WC model is further illustrated through a real biostatistical application involving the circular relationship between the months of diagnosis and surgical intervention in gastric cancer patients. Overall, the results highlight the practical benefits of WC-based circular-circular regression for robust inference in the presence of outliers.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/math14030426
dc.identifier.issn2227-7390
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105030154158
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/math14030426
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/8603
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001688006900001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofMathematics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260420
dc.subjectcircular-circular regression
dc.subjectwrapped Cauchy
dc.subjectoptimization
dc.subjectvon Mises
dc.subjectheavy-tailed data
dc.subjectgastric carcinoma
dc.titleWrapped Cauchy Robust Approach to the Circular-Circular Regression Model
dc.typeArticle

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