Effects of Southern Oscillation and North Sea-Caspian Pattern on the rainfall intensity series in the Black Sea Region of Türkiye

This study investigates the influence of the Southern Oscillation and North Sea-Caspian Pattern on maximum rainfall intensities in the Black Sea Region of T & uuml;rkiye. Annual maximum rainfall intensity series from 16 meteorological stations were analyzed, and correlation coefficients were calculated and evaluated at . = 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10 significance levels. Results indicate that the Southern Oscillation predominantly affects short-and medium-duration rainfall in Sinop, whereas the North Sea-Caspian Pattern shows significant correlations with medium-and long-duration rainfall in Bart & Otilde;n, Bayburt, and G & uuml;m & uuml;& uacute;hane. These findings highlight the spatially varying influence of atmospheric oscillations on rainfall extremes in the region.