Preparation of Highly Porous Carbon through Slow Oxidative Torrefaction, Pyrolysis, and Chemical Activation of Lignocellulosic Biomass for High-Performance Supercapacitors

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dc.authoridJiang, Changle/0000-0003-2821-2577
dc.contributor.authorYakaboylu, Gunes A.
dc.contributor.authorYumak, Tugrul
dc.contributor.authorJiang, Changle
dc.contributor.authorZondlo, John W.
dc.contributor.authorWang, Jingxin
dc.contributor.authorSabolsky, Edward M.
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-23T19:35:53Z
dc.date.available2025-03-23T19:35:53Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractSeven kinds of highly porous activated carbon were prepared from two different lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks (hybrid willow and miscanthus grass) by utilizing four different processing routes, which generally include variations of the pyrolysis, slow oxidative torrefaction, and KOH chemical activation. The activated carbons were evaluated for potential application within the electrodes of double layer supercapacitors. The synthesized activated carbons showed high specific surface area (up to 3265 m(2)/g), hierarchical pore structure composed of micro-/meso-/macropores with large pore volume (up to 1.535 cm(3)/g), and rich oxygen content (10.9-19.2 at. %). Their surface area, pore structure/volume, microstructure, and surface functional groups were highly influenced by processing routes, which in turn determined their electrochemical performance and stability. In particular, pretreating the biomass samples via slow oxidative torrefaction substantially increased their surface area, total pore volume, and meso-/micropore volume, and the surface chemistry of these materials showed a higher concentration of carboxyl groups. The performance of two-electrode symmetrical supercapacitors was evaluated in a 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. They exhibited relatively high specific capacitance of 70.2-162.3 F/g under constant current density of 100 mA/g, with a high cycling stability based on the capacitance retention of 95.1-99.9% after 1000 cycles. In addition, an increase of 25.0-62.2 F/g was achieved in specific capacitance by including the pyrolysis and/or slow oxidative torrefaction in the synthesis protocol. The sample (HW-D) that exhibited the best performance also maintained 94.1% of its specific capacitance after 5000 charge/discharge cycles at 100 mA/g. The synthesis strategies including the slow oxidative torrefaction pretreatment showed great promise for preparing low-cost, porous carbon materials from renewable biomass sources that are highly suitable for incorporation in supercapacitors and other electrochemical applications.
dc.description.sponsorshipAgriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2015-67021-22995]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [BIDEB-2219]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2015-67021-22995 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We acknowledge use of the West Virginia University Shared Research Facilities (WVU-SRF). We also greatly appreciate the assistance of Dr. Qiang Wang (WVU-SRF) on materials characterization and Daniel Baker (Chemical Engineering, WVU) on materials preparation/analysis. T.Y. also acknowledges the financial support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under BIDEB-2219 Postdoctoral Research Program.
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01260
dc.identifier.endpage9329
dc.identifier.issn0887-0624
dc.identifier.issn1520-5029
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85071948693
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage9309
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01260
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/5955
dc.identifier.volume33
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000487178700133
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmer Chemical Soc
dc.relation.ispartofEnergy & Fuels
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250323
dc.subjectSurface-Area
dc.subjectElectrochemical Properties
dc.subjectElectrode Materials
dc.subjectAgricultural Waste
dc.subjectFunctional-Groups
dc.subjectFacile Synthesis
dc.subjectEnergy-Storage
dc.subjectKoh Activation
dc.subjectCoconut-Shell
dc.subjectRice Straw
dc.titlePreparation of Highly Porous Carbon through Slow Oxidative Torrefaction, Pyrolysis, and Chemical Activation of Lignocellulosic Biomass for High-Performance Supercapacitors
dc.typeArticle

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