From the People, Against the People: Banditry in Turkey during the National Struggle

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dc.contributor.authorTekir, Suleyman
dc.contributor.authorBalaban, Tugrul
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-25T14:20:35Z
dc.date.available2026-04-25T14:20:35Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractWhen the phenomenon of banditry is analyzed from a historical perspective, it is considered as movements that emerge from within the public against the social order and paradoxically manifest themselves against the public and encompass collective rebellion. Due to their local character and limited organizational capacity, these organizations could not evolve into a sustainable resistance movement and were systematically liquidated by the state mechanism. This study analyzes the activities of gang and bandit groups operating in Turkey during the National Struggle in the period 1920-1924 based on archival documents. During the period of the War of Independence, politically motivated rebellion movements that emerged with the provocation and encouragement of external actors stand out. Although banditry cases, which can be categorized as ordinary banditry, were considered as isolated incidents, these activities emerged as the dominant factor threatening the social order of the country. Banditry acquired a dichotomous character in the period in question: Organizations that supported the National Struggle and those that acted under the influence of external factors. These two new movements replaced the traditional banditry paradigm.
dc.identifier.doi10.9737/historystudies.1621092
dc.identifier.endpage1029
dc.identifier.issn1309-4688
dc.identifier.issn1309-4173
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2975-9347
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105023411322
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ4
dc.identifier.startpage1009
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.9737/historystudies.1621092
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/8642
dc.identifier.volume17
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001655482400010
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isotr
dc.publisherOsman Kose
dc.relation.ispartofHistory Studies
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260420
dc.subjectBanditry
dc.subjectNational Struggle
dc.subjectGendarmerie
dc.subjectResistance
dc.subjectGang
dc.titleFrom the People, Against the People: Banditry in Turkey during the National Struggle
dc.typeArticle

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