Observation of four top quark production in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

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dc.authoridDe Guio, Federico/0000-0001-5927-8865
dc.authoridTiwari, Praveen Chandra/0000-0002-3667-3843
dc.authoridVetens, Wren/0000-0003-1058-1163
dc.authoridPerez Adan, Danyer/0000-0003-3416-0726
dc.authoridStaiano, Amedeo/0000-0003-1803-624X
dc.authoridSchieck, Jochen/0000-0002-1058-8093
dc.authoridBardelli, Giulio/0000-0002-4662-3305
dc.contributor.authorHayrapetyan, A.
dc.contributor.authorTumasyan, A.
dc.contributor.authorAdam, W.
dc.contributor.authorAndrejkovic, J. W.
dc.contributor.authorBergauer, T.
dc.contributor.authorChatterjee, S.
dc.contributor.authorDamanakis, K.
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-23T19:38:27Z
dc.date.available2025-03-23T19:38:27Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentSinop Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe observation of the production of four top quarks in proton-proton collisions is reported, based on a data sample collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016-2018 at the CERN LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb-1. Events with two same-sign, three, or four charged leptons (electrons and muons) and additional jets are analyzed. Compared to previous results in these channels, updated identification techniques for charged leptons and jets originating from the hadronization of b quarks, as well as a revised multivariate analysis strategy to distinguish the signal process from the main backgrounds, lead to an improved expected signal significance of 4.9 standard deviations above the background-only hypothesis. Four top quark production is observed with a significance of 5.6 standard deviations, and its cross section is measured to be 17.7+3.7-3.5 (stat)+2.3-1.9 (syst) fb, in agreement with the available standard model predictions.
dc.description.sponsorshipCOST Action [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104]; Leventis Foundation [CA16108]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission; Min-istry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic [Z191100007219010]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Hungarian Academy of Sciences [EXC 2121, 390833306, 400140256-GRK2497]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India [K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552, CEECIND/01334/2018]; ERDF a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de As-turias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innova-tion Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B05F650021]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA); STFC [ST/W000636/1, ST/S000739/1, ST/X006042/1] Funding Source: UKRI
dc.description.sponsorshipWe congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United King-dom); DOE and NSF (USA) .Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) , Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) , under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 Quantum Universe - 390833306, and under project number 400140256-GRK2497; the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program-& Uacute;NKP, the NKFIH research grants K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10. 13039/501100011033, ERDF a way of making Europe, and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B05F650021 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA) .r Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union) ; the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium) ; the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium) ; the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; The Min-istry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) , Project Number 2288 (Greece) ; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) , under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 Quantum Universe - 390833306, and under project number 400140256-GRK2497; the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program-& Uacute;NKP, the NKFIH research grants K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hun-gary) ; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Lat-vian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland) ; the Fun-dac & atilde;o para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal) ; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF a way of making Europe, and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Inves-tigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de As-turias (Spain) ; the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innova-tion Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B05F650021 (Thailand) ; the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA) .
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.physletb.2023.138290
dc.identifier.issn0370-2693
dc.identifier.issn1873-2445
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2023.138290
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11486/6157
dc.identifier.volume847
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001123208000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofPhysics Letters B
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250323
dc.subjectCMS
dc.subjectTop quark
dc.titleObservation of four top quark production in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
dc.typeArticle

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