KIRGIZCA VE TÜRKÇEDE GEÇMİŞ ZAMANLI BASİT CÜMLELERDE EŞDEĞER YAPILAR
Özet
Türkiye Türkçesi ve lehçeler arası dil öğretiminde dilbilgisinin yeri, Türkçenin ses uyumu, eklemeli yapısı ve değişmez söz dizimi gibi temel kurallarından hareketle belirlenebilir. Türk lehçeleri ve Türkiye Türkçesinin temel kurallarının ekseninde; tüm dil düzeylerinin (metin, cümle, tamlama, söz grupları, sözcük, morfem, fonem ve deyim) dizisel ve dizimsel ilişkilerini somut dil normlarına göre betimleyen özgün bir bilimsel gramerin ortaya çıkabilmesi için lehçeler arası karşılaştırmalı gramer çalışmalarına ihtiyaç vardır. 3. Semantiğe göre : 4. Anlamsal-fonksiyonel parçalara ayrılmasına göre: Kırgızca ve Türkiye Türkçesinden getirilmiş (Kırg.: ???? ?? ????.), (T.Türk.: Hasan su içti.) cümlelerde şekil bilgisine göre modelleştirmede isimlerin yani adların hangi hallerde işlendiği sırasıyla (Nom., Gen., Dat., Akk., Lok., Abl. sıralamasında) işaretlenmiştir: İ1- yalın hal, F- fiili) göstermektedir. Sonraki modelleştirmelerde ise Ö-özneyi, N-nesneyi, Yyüklemi: S-sübjekti, O-objekti, P-predikatı; T-temayı, R- remayı göstermektedir. Bu kompleks yöntem, bütün yazı dillerinde çeşitli basit cümlelere uygulanabilir.4Kırgızca ve Türkiye Türkçesinde birleşenlerine parçalanamayan eylemler (Kırg.: iç-, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl-; T.Türk.: iç-, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl- vd.) ve belirli geçmiş zaman eklerinden (Kırg.: -dı/-tı, -di/ti,-du/-tu, -dü/-tü; T.Türk.: -dı/-tı, -di/-ti,-du/-tu, -dü/-tü)5 kurulu basit cümle yapıları arasındaki anlam ve yapıya göre belirlenen ilişkilerin leksikolojik, sözdizimsel ve eşdeğerlik özellikleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
The importance of grammar in language teaching in Turkey Turkishand between the dialects can be determined by the basic rules of Turkish, such as euphony, incremental structure and its invariable syntax. To have an authentic, scientific grammar which describes the serial and syntactic relationship of all language levels (text, sentences, phrases, word groups, word, morpheme, phoneme and phrases) according to concrete language norms, comparative grammar works among dialects are needed. Simple and compound sentences are modeled in the appropriate works of İ. Ahmatov, B. Sarıev and M. Musaoğlu according to the structural, semantic and functional restructuring in Turkish linguistics. Modeling in simple sentences are made on the basis of Karaçay- Malkar and Turkoman Turkish materials; and modeling compound sentences are made on the basis of Azerbaijan and other Turkish written language materials. The schema of modeling that is presented by the mentioned linguistTurcologists about the basic sentence has been eventually drawn in the way below: Kyrgyz: (Hasan drank water) ???? ?? ????. Turkey Turkish: Hasan su içti. (Hasan drank water) The models of such simple sentences can be determined as below, according to modern linguistics: Kyrgyz: ???? cy ????. Turkey Turkish: Hasan su içti. According to morphology: İ1According to syntax: According to semantics: According to semanticfunctional disassembling: TR In modeling the sentences that are taken from Kyrgyz (AcaH cy ...... ) and Turkey Turkish (Hasansuiçti) according to morphology, in which form the nouns are processed is marked in order ( in the order of Nom. , Gen. ,Dat. , Akk., Lok. ,Abl.) : İ1- shows the base form, and Fis verb . In the next modeling, Ö shows the subject, N- object, Y- verb; Ssubject, O- object, P- predicate; T- theme and R shows the place. This complex method can be applied to all basic sentences in all written languages. The lexicologic, syntactic and equivalence features of the relations which are determined according to meaning and structure, among basic sentence structures, which are structured by specific past tense suffixes ( Kyrg: -dı/tı, -di/ti, -du/tu, -dü/tü; T. Turkish: -dı/tı, -di/ti, du/tu, -dü/tü) and indecomposable verbs in Kyrgyz and Turkey Turkish( Kyrg: iç, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl-; T. Tukish: iç-, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl- etc. ), will be emphasized.
The importance of grammar in language teaching in Turkey Turkishand between the dialects can be determined by the basic rules of Turkish, such as euphony, incremental structure and its invariable syntax. To have an authentic, scientific grammar which describes the serial and syntactic relationship of all language levels (text, sentences, phrases, word groups, word, morpheme, phoneme and phrases) according to concrete language norms, comparative grammar works among dialects are needed. Simple and compound sentences are modeled in the appropriate works of İ. Ahmatov, B. Sarıev and M. Musaoğlu according to the structural, semantic and functional restructuring in Turkish linguistics. Modeling in simple sentences are made on the basis of Karaçay- Malkar and Turkoman Turkish materials; and modeling compound sentences are made on the basis of Azerbaijan and other Turkish written language materials. The schema of modeling that is presented by the mentioned linguistTurcologists about the basic sentence has been eventually drawn in the way below: Kyrgyz: (Hasan drank water) ???? ?? ????. Turkey Turkish: Hasan su içti. (Hasan drank water) The models of such simple sentences can be determined as below, according to modern linguistics: Kyrgyz: ???? cy ????. Turkey Turkish: Hasan su içti. According to morphology: İ1According to syntax: According to semantics: According to semanticfunctional disassembling: TR In modeling the sentences that are taken from Kyrgyz (AcaH cy ...... ) and Turkey Turkish (Hasansuiçti) according to morphology, in which form the nouns are processed is marked in order ( in the order of Nom. , Gen. ,Dat. , Akk., Lok. ,Abl.) : İ1- shows the base form, and Fis verb . In the next modeling, Ö shows the subject, N- object, Y- verb; Ssubject, O- object, P- predicate; T- theme and R shows the place. This complex method can be applied to all basic sentences in all written languages. The lexicologic, syntactic and equivalence features of the relations which are determined according to meaning and structure, among basic sentence structures, which are structured by specific past tense suffixes ( Kyrg: -dı/tı, -di/ti, -du/tu, -dü/tü; T. Turkish: -dı/tı, -di/ti, du/tu, -dü/tü) and indecomposable verbs in Kyrgyz and Turkey Turkish( Kyrg: iç, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl-; T. Tukish: iç-, kork-, ürk-, bil-, oku-, öl- etc. ), will be emphasized.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Turkish Studies (Elektronik)
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
9
Sayı
6
