MEMDUH SEVKET ESENDAL’IN AYASLI VE KIRACILARI’NDA KENT KÜLTÜRÜ VE HALK BILGISI YANSIMALARI
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Süleyman Fidan
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kent kültürünün bugünün yasamindaki yeri düsünüldügünde yarattigi degerleri, insani ve ona ait her türlü geleneksel unsuru yasatma ve yansitma biçimi önem kazanir. Kent insaninin geçmisinde halk kültürünün ortaya koydugu bilgi ve tecrübe yer alir. Dolayisiyla kent insaninin geleneksel kültürden tamamen kopuk olarak ele almak, yüzyilin basindaki; köylüyü halk, kentliyi ise modern insan olarak degerlendirme yanilgisina götürür. Bu yaklasimla halkin geçmisinden bu yana sürdürüp getirdigi ve doganin parçasi olarak ürettigi bilginin, kent kültürüne uyum saglama imkâni bulamadan yok olmasi kaçinilmaz olur. Bireysel rollerin öne çiktigi ve yalnizlasmanin dogurdugu problemler baska kisisel ve toplumsal sorunlar dogurmaya devam eder. Bu nedenle kentlerin geçmiste az çok var olan, ancak bugün disarida birakilan halk bilgisine ait deger ve kavramlarini sürdürmeye çalismak, hem kent folkloru hem de saglikli toplumsal organizasyonlar kurmak bakimindan önem tasir. Bu çerçevede Türkiye’de kent hayatinin biçimlendigi dönemlere ve sehirlere bakmak, bugünle iliski kurmak ve yasatilan ya da unutulmaya baslayan halk bilgisi unsurlarini tespit etmek mümkündür. Böylece yasanan degisim sürecinde halk bilgisinin hangi unsurlarinin güçlü tutulmasi gerektigini görerek yeni kent kurgusuna dikkat çekmek de mümkün olabilecektir. M.S. Esendal’in Ankara’da geçen “Ayasli ve Kiracilari” adli romani dönemin sosyal, kültürel, ahlakî, ekonomik hayatina yakindan bakan bir çalismadir. Eserin kent kültürü üzerinden okunmasi yukarida sözü edilen hususlara dair çikarimlar yapmamizi saglayacaktir. Eser, Cumhuriyet’in ilk yillarindan bugüne biçimlenen kent yasaminin baslangicini ve sancili geçis devresini vermek bakimindan degerli malzemeye sahiptir. Dolayisiyla roman, bugünün kent kurgusunu ve buna bagli kültürünü anlamakta yol göstericidir. Ankara’nin baskent olusundan sonra ilk kentlesen sehir olmasi kentsel degisimi en açik biçimde görebilecegimiz yer olmasini saglar. Bu açidan Ankara, diger sehirler için de model olusturmustur denebilir. Böyle bakildiginda yapilacak degerlendirmeler Ankara özelinden yola çikarak ülke genelinde sehir kültürünü olusumunu takip etmek için de fikir verici olacaktir. Bugünün sehir hayatinin tasidigi nitelikler ile Memduh Sevket’in ideal olarak gördügü ve umut ettikleri arasinda iliski kurarak geleneksel halk kültürünün sehir hayatindaki islerligini görmek yazinin ana hedefidir. Bu çerçevede ele alinacak soru ise romanin yansittigi halk bilgisi unsurlarinin neler oldugu ve bunlarin kent yasantisinda nasil bir anlam tasidigidir. Buna bagli olarak Banka Memuru, Selime, Doktor Fahri, Melek ve diger kahramanlar mekân ve insan iliskisi merkezinde ele alinacaktir.
Considering the place of urban culture in today's life, the way it lives and reflects the values it creates, the human being and all kinds of traditional elements belonging to human gains importance. In the past of the urban people, there is the knowledge and experience of the folk culture. Therefore, to treat urban people as completely detached from traditional culture, at the beginning of the century; leads to the mistake of evaluating the peasant as the people and the urban dweller as a modern person. With this approach, it is inevitable that the knowledge that the public has brought and produced as a part of nature since the past will disappear before they have the opportunity to adapt to the urban culture. Problems in which individual roles come to the forefront and isolation continue to create other personal and social problems. For this reason, it is important to try to maintain the values and concepts of public knowledge of cities, which existed more or less in the past but are excluded today, both for urban folklore and for establishing healthy social organizations. In this context, Turkey has shaped the era of urban life to look at the city, establish a relationship with the present and alive or unsustainable possible to identify the elements of public information. Thus, it will be possible to draw attention to the new urban fiction by seeing which elements of folklore should be kept strong in the process of change.M.S. Esendal's novel "Ayasli ve Kiracilari", set in Ankara, is a work that takes a closer look at the social, cultural, moral and economic life of the period. Reading the work through the urban culture will enable us to make inferences regarding the issues mentioned above. The work has valuable material in terms of giving the beginning of the city life that has been shaped since the first years of the Republic and the painful transition period. Therefore, the novel is a guide in understanding today's urban fiction and related culture. Since this is the first city to urbanize after Ankara became the capital, this is the city where we can see urban change most clearly. In this respect, it can be said that Ankara has created a model for other cities as well. Looking from this way, the evaluations to be made will also give an idea to follow the formation of city culture throughout the country, starting from the special of Ankara. The main goal of the article is to see the functioning of traditional folk culture in urban life by establishing a relationship between the qualities of today's city life and what Memduh Sevket sees and hopes as ideal. The question to be dealt with in this framework is what the folklore elements reflected in the novel are and what kind of meaning they have in urban life. Accordingly, the situation of the narrator Bank Clerk, Selime, Doctor Fahri, Melek and other heroes, space and human relations will be discussed in the center.
Considering the place of urban culture in today's life, the way it lives and reflects the values it creates, the human being and all kinds of traditional elements belonging to human gains importance. In the past of the urban people, there is the knowledge and experience of the folk culture. Therefore, to treat urban people as completely detached from traditional culture, at the beginning of the century; leads to the mistake of evaluating the peasant as the people and the urban dweller as a modern person. With this approach, it is inevitable that the knowledge that the public has brought and produced as a part of nature since the past will disappear before they have the opportunity to adapt to the urban culture. Problems in which individual roles come to the forefront and isolation continue to create other personal and social problems. For this reason, it is important to try to maintain the values and concepts of public knowledge of cities, which existed more or less in the past but are excluded today, both for urban folklore and for establishing healthy social organizations. In this context, Turkey has shaped the era of urban life to look at the city, establish a relationship with the present and alive or unsustainable possible to identify the elements of public information. Thus, it will be possible to draw attention to the new urban fiction by seeing which elements of folklore should be kept strong in the process of change.M.S. Esendal's novel "Ayasli ve Kiracilari", set in Ankara, is a work that takes a closer look at the social, cultural, moral and economic life of the period. Reading the work through the urban culture will enable us to make inferences regarding the issues mentioned above. The work has valuable material in terms of giving the beginning of the city life that has been shaped since the first years of the Republic and the painful transition period. Therefore, the novel is a guide in understanding today's urban fiction and related culture. Since this is the first city to urbanize after Ankara became the capital, this is the city where we can see urban change most clearly. In this respect, it can be said that Ankara has created a model for other cities as well. Looking from this way, the evaluations to be made will also give an idea to follow the formation of city culture throughout the country, starting from the special of Ankara. The main goal of the article is to see the functioning of traditional folk culture in urban life by establishing a relationship between the qualities of today's city life and what Memduh Sevket sees and hopes as ideal. The question to be dealt with in this framework is what the folklore elements reflected in the novel are and what kind of meaning they have in urban life. Accordingly, the situation of the narrator Bank Clerk, Selime, Doctor Fahri, Melek and other heroes, space and human relations will be discussed in the center.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Memduh Sevket Esendal, Ayasli ve Kiracilari, Ankara, Urban Culture, Folk Knowledge
Kaynak
Uluslararasi Halkbilimi Arastirmalari Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
4
Sayı
6
