Kur’ân’ı Teosentrik ve Tarihî Okuma Denemesi: Seylü’l-Arim Örneği
Özet
Kur’ân’ın yaklaşık üçte biri tabiî ve tarihî hadiselerden bahsetmektedir. Seylü’l-Arim (ArimSeli) hadisesi de bu türdendir. Bu olaydan bahseden pasajlara bakıldığında, Kur’ân’ın söz diziminin (mantûk ve melfûzunun) Allah merkezli bir dil dizgesine sahip olduğu görülür. Bu bakımdan Onun bu hâkimiyet ifade eden dil dizgesinin etkisinde kalarak, Kur’ân’ı teosentrik,lâhûtî bir yoruma tabi tutanlar, Kur’ân’da hikâye edilen bu tabiî ve tarihî olayı, Tanrı’nın tarihe olağanüstü, mucizevî bir müdahalesi olarak ele almışlardır. Bununla beraber Kur’ân’ı nâsûtî,tarihî ve vakiî okumaya tabi tutanlar da bu tür olayların fevkalâde, harikulâde hadiseler değiltabiî, alelâde (ma’hûd ve me’lûf) olaylar olduğunu ileri sürmüşlerdir. İşte lâhûtî okuma biçiminin ileri sürdüğü gibi bu hadise, gerçekten Tanrı’nın, yer yer tabiata, tarihî ve toplumsal olaylara mucizevî, olağanüstü bir şekilde müdahalesinin mukadder bir sonucu mu, yoksa tabiî yorum metodolojisinin öncelediği gibi tabiî, tarihî ve toplumsal koşulların alelâde bir iktizası mıolduğu hipotezi bu çalışmada irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kadim literatürden veriler elde etme,bu verilerin analizlerini yaparak bir senteze varma şeklinde takip edilen yöntem neticesinde,Arim seli hadisesi teosentrik, lâhûtî okuma metodolojisinde ileri sürüldüğü gibi mucizevî,harikulâdevî bir olay değil, nâsûtî, tarihî okumada görüldüğü gibi tabiî bir hadise olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Approximately one third of the Quran mentions natural and historical events. Theevent of Seylü’l-Arim is an example for these. When the passages mentioning this event are considered, it is observed that the word order of the Quran (logic and words) has a Language systemthat is Allah-centered. In this context, those who interpret it in theocentric and divine manner bybeing influenced by its linguistic system that shows sovereignty have considered this natural andhistorical event mentioned in the Qur’an as an extraordinary and miraculous intervention ofGod on history. On the other hand, those who interpreted the Quran in a humane, historicaland eventful manner claimed that these kinds of events were not extraordinary events butwere natural and ordinary events (known and widespread). In this study, the aim is to investigate the hypothesis of whether this event is an extraordinary, miraculous and fateful intervention of God to historical and social life, which is claimed by the divine interpretation; or is itan ordinary requirement of natural, historical and social conditions, which is claimed by natural interpretation methodology. As a result of the method of the study, which was applied inthe form of collecting data from ancient scriptures and analyzing them to reach a synthesis, itwas concluded that the Arim Seli is not a miraculous and extraordinary event, which isclaimed in divine interpretation methodology, but is a humane and natural event, which is observed in historical interpretation.
Approximately one third of the Quran mentions natural and historical events. Theevent of Seylü’l-Arim is an example for these. When the passages mentioning this event are considered, it is observed that the word order of the Quran (logic and words) has a Language systemthat is Allah-centered. In this context, those who interpret it in theocentric and divine manner bybeing influenced by its linguistic system that shows sovereignty have considered this natural andhistorical event mentioned in the Qur’an as an extraordinary and miraculous intervention ofGod on history. On the other hand, those who interpreted the Quran in a humane, historicaland eventful manner claimed that these kinds of events were not extraordinary events butwere natural and ordinary events (known and widespread). In this study, the aim is to investigate the hypothesis of whether this event is an extraordinary, miraculous and fateful intervention of God to historical and social life, which is claimed by the divine interpretation; or is itan ordinary requirement of natural, historical and social conditions, which is claimed by natural interpretation methodology. As a result of the method of the study, which was applied inthe form of collecting data from ancient scriptures and analyzing them to reach a synthesis, itwas concluded that the Arim Seli is not a miraculous and extraordinary event, which isclaimed in divine interpretation methodology, but is a humane and natural event, which is observed in historical interpretation.
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