Yirminci Yüzyil Toplumu ve Redbrick Üniversiteleri Üzerine Komedi Yoluyla Elestiri: Kingsley Amis'in Lucky Jim Eserinin Bir Analizi
[ X ]
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Van Yüzüncü Yil Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Yirminci yüzyil, iki dünya savasi ve bir önceki yüzyilda baslayan teknoloji alaninda ve sanayide süregelen gelismelerle yogrulan bir degisim dönemidir. Bu gelismelerin çesitli etkileri farkli toplumlarda, kültürlerde, dillerde ve edebiyat eserlerinde görülmüstür ve bunlarin tümü, özellikle Birlesik Krallik'ta Yüksekögretim sistemini yakindan etkilemistir. Geleneksel olarak, Oxford ve Cambridge gibi eski üniversiteler sadece referans yoluyla ögrenci kabul etmekteydiler ve bu sebeple de sanayide insan gücüne ihtiyaç duyan büyük sehirlerde artan nüfus taleplerini karsilayamamaktaydilar. Bu talep, Redbrick Üniversiteleri olarak adlandirilan, farkli altyapilardan gelen ögrencileri hiçbir referans olmaksizin kucaklayan yeni kurumlarin ortaya çikmasina neden olmus, böylece eski ve yeni üniversiteler arasindaki bu çatisma baslamistir. Redbrick üniversiteleri yetersiz egitmenleri ile kalitesiz akademik kurumlarina sahip olmakla suçlanirken, eski üniversiteler de tüm faydali olanaklari ve kaynaklari ele geçirmekle elestirilmekteydi. Ikinci dünya savasindan sonra bu tartisma, kampüs romaninin ortaya çikmasina neden oldu ve bunun basarili örneklerinden biri de Kingsley Amis'in Lucky Jim adli eseridir. Bu roman, özel hayatindaki zayifliklari ile sadece parayi düsünen, idealist olmayan, tembel bir akademisyeni gözler önüne serer. Romanin bas karakteri, diger pasif akademisyenler gibi, bölüm baskanini memnun etmeye çalisir ve eser bu özellikleriyle, yozlasmis akademik topluluklara sahip oldugu düsünülen bu yeni kurumlarin yapisina yönelik elestiriler sunar. Romanda, akademik dünyanin yani sira ask anlayisi, sinif ayrimi ve kadin figürleri basitlestirildigi için yirminci yüzyil toplumu ciddi sekilde elestirilmektedir. Roman boyunca okuyucu, bir insanin basaridan çok sansinin yardimiyla her istedigini elde edebilecegi ile karsilasmaktadir, bu nedenle bu çalisma, Amis'in degisen yirminci yüzyil toplumunu elestirmek için geleneksel degerleri komedi yardimiyla kirmak zorunda kaldigi süreçleri ortaya koymayi amaçlamaktadir.
The twentieth century is a period of change, with two world wars and ongoing developments in technology and industry that started in the previous century. Various effects of these improvements have been witnessed in different societies, cultures, languages, and works of literature, and all have affected the Higher Education system, especially in the United Kingdom. The old universities as Oxford and Cambridge had accepted students only through references and they did not satisfy the demands of the growing populations in big cities which needed manpower in the industry. This demand created new institutions described as Redbrick Universities which embraced students from different backgrounds without any reference, thus, the debate between the old and the new universities has begun. While the Redbrick universities were accused of being unsatisfactory academic foundations with their ineligible instructors, the old universities were criticized for capturing all useful advantages and resources. After the second world war, this debate led to the emergence of the campus novel, and one of its successful examples is Lucky Jim by Kingsley Amis. This novel presents a non-idealistic, lazy academician who only cares about money with his weaknesses in his private life. Among other passive academic figures, he also tries to please the head of the department and his characteristics present criticisms about the structure of these new institutions as corrupted academic communities. In the novel, besides the academic world, twentieth-century society is severely criticized, for the understanding of love, class division, and women figures are simplified. Throughout the novel, the readers encounter that a man can acquire everything he desires with the help of his luck rather than his success, so this study aims to present the processes Amis had to break conventional values with the help of comedy to criticize the changing society of the century.
The twentieth century is a period of change, with two world wars and ongoing developments in technology and industry that started in the previous century. Various effects of these improvements have been witnessed in different societies, cultures, languages, and works of literature, and all have affected the Higher Education system, especially in the United Kingdom. The old universities as Oxford and Cambridge had accepted students only through references and they did not satisfy the demands of the growing populations in big cities which needed manpower in the industry. This demand created new institutions described as Redbrick Universities which embraced students from different backgrounds without any reference, thus, the debate between the old and the new universities has begun. While the Redbrick universities were accused of being unsatisfactory academic foundations with their ineligible instructors, the old universities were criticized for capturing all useful advantages and resources. After the second world war, this debate led to the emergence of the campus novel, and one of its successful examples is Lucky Jim by Kingsley Amis. This novel presents a non-idealistic, lazy academician who only cares about money with his weaknesses in his private life. Among other passive academic figures, he also tries to please the head of the department and his characteristics present criticisms about the structure of these new institutions as corrupted academic communities. In the novel, besides the academic world, twentieth-century society is severely criticized, for the understanding of love, class division, and women figures are simplified. Throughout the novel, the readers encounter that a man can acquire everything he desires with the help of his luck rather than his success, so this study aims to present the processes Amis had to break conventional values with the help of comedy to criticize the changing society of the century.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Toplumsal Elestiri, Redbrick Üniversiteleri, 20. Yüzyil Toplumu, Kampüs Romani, Lucky Jim
Kaynak
Van Insani ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
5
