Kafein ve Sportif Performans
[ X ]
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Sakarya Uygulamali Bilimler Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kahve, çay ve kakao gibi dogada bulunan bazi bitkilerin tohumlarinda, yapraklarinda ve meyvelerinde dogal olarak bulunan bir uyarici olan kafein, günümüzde bazi yiyecek ve içeceklerde ve bazi ilaçlarin içerigine de eklenerek tüketiciye sunulmaktadir. Dogrudan veya dolayli bir biçimde dünya genelinde her gün milyarlarca insan tarafindan tüketilen kafein, merkezi sinir sistemi ve diger sistemler üzerinde uyarici etkilere neden olmaktadir. Kafeinin birincil etki mekanizmasi adenozin reseptörlerini bloke etme yetenegidir. Yapi olarak adenozine çok benzemesi sebebi ile organizmayi kandirarak adenozin reseptörlerinde antagonist bir etki yaratmaktadir. Agri ve yorgunluk hissi ile alakali olan bu reseptörler g proteinleri ile gerekli baglantiyi kuramadigindan dolayi metabolizma agriyi ve yorgunlugu inhibe eder, böylece agri ve yorgunlugun ortaya çikisi gecikebilmektdir. Diger bir etkisi ise hormonal sisteme olmaktadir. Kafeinin alimi epinefrin ve norepinefrin gibi nörotransmitterlerin saliniminda artisa yol açar. Bu nörotransmitterler, bilissel islevi ve uyanikligi artirmada çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadir. Ayrica organizmanin agri kesicisi olarak da bilinen Beta Endorfin hormonunun saliniminda da kafein alimi ile artis ortaya çiktigi düsünülmektedir. Dahasi, glikoz ve yag asitleri gibi enerji substratlarinin mevcudiyetini artirdigi da bilinmektektedir. Bunlarin yanisira dolasim ve solunum sistemleri gibi diger fizyolojik sistemleri etkileyebilir ve dogru dozda tüketildiginde bazi potansiyel saglik faydalari olabilir. Ayrica isiri tüketim ve tolerasyon seviyesine bagli olarak elektroansefalografi (EEG) düzenini, duygulanimi ve uyku düzenini de degistirdigi, ayrica yine alim miktarina bagli olarak anksiyeteyi artirabildigi saptanmistir. Bahsi geçen mekanizmalar sayesinde kafeinin sportif performans üzerinde de çesitli etkileri olmaktadir. Arastirmalar, kafeinin glikojenin mobilizasyonunu ve yaglarin utilizasyonunu artirarak vücudun sinirli glikojen depolarini korudugu, böylece yorgunlugun baslangicini geciktirerek, egzersizin süresini artirdigini, güç ve kuvvet gibi performans parametrelerini etkiledigi söylemektedir. Sonuç olarak, kafein, birçok biyomotor özelligi gelistirerek, sportif performans üzerinde olumlu etkiler ortaya koyabilir. Bu literatür incelemesi kafeine genel bir bakisin yaninda, farkli parametreler üzerinde ne gibi etkileri meydana getirdigini tespit ederek sonuçlari okuyucular ile aktarmayi amaçlamistir.
Caffeine, which is a stimulant naturally found in the seeds, leaves and fruits of some plants found in nature, such as coffee, tea and cocoa, is now offered to consumers by being added to some foods and beverages and to the content of some medicines. Caffeine, which is directly or indirectly consumed by billions of people around the world every day, causes stimulant effects on the central nervous system and other systems. Caffeine's primary mechanism of action is its ability to block adenosine receptors. Since it is very similar to adenosine in structure, it creates an antagonistic effect on adenosine receptors by deceiving the organism. Since these receptors, which are related to the feeling of pain and fatigue, cannot establish the necessary connection with the g proteins, metabolism inhibits pain and fatigue, so the emergence of pain and fatigue can be delayed. Another effect is on the hormonal system. Caffeine intake increases the release of neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in boosting cognitive function and alertness. In addition, it is thought that the release of Beta Endorphin hormone, also known as the body's pain reliever, increases with caffeine intake. Moreover, it is known to increase the availability of energy substrates such as glucose and fatty acids. In addition, it can affect other physiological systems such as the circulatory and respiratory systems and may have some potential health benefits when consumed in the right dose. In addition, it has been found that it changes the electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, affect and sleep pattern depending on the excessive consumption and tolerance level, and it can also increase anxiety depending on the amount of intake. Thanks to the aforementioned mechanisms, caffeine also has various effects on sportive performance. Studies show that caffeine protects the body's limited glycogen stores by increasing the mobilization of glycogen and the utilization of fats, thus delaying the onset of fatigue, increasing the duration of the exercise, and affecting performance parameters such as power and strength. As a result, caffeine can have positive effects on sportive performance by improving many biomotor properties. In addition to an overview of caffeine, this literature review aimed to determine what effects it has on different parameters and to convey the results with the readers.
Caffeine, which is a stimulant naturally found in the seeds, leaves and fruits of some plants found in nature, such as coffee, tea and cocoa, is now offered to consumers by being added to some foods and beverages and to the content of some medicines. Caffeine, which is directly or indirectly consumed by billions of people around the world every day, causes stimulant effects on the central nervous system and other systems. Caffeine's primary mechanism of action is its ability to block adenosine receptors. Since it is very similar to adenosine in structure, it creates an antagonistic effect on adenosine receptors by deceiving the organism. Since these receptors, which are related to the feeling of pain and fatigue, cannot establish the necessary connection with the g proteins, metabolism inhibits pain and fatigue, so the emergence of pain and fatigue can be delayed. Another effect is on the hormonal system. Caffeine intake increases the release of neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in boosting cognitive function and alertness. In addition, it is thought that the release of Beta Endorphin hormone, also known as the body's pain reliever, increases with caffeine intake. Moreover, it is known to increase the availability of energy substrates such as glucose and fatty acids. In addition, it can affect other physiological systems such as the circulatory and respiratory systems and may have some potential health benefits when consumed in the right dose. In addition, it has been found that it changes the electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, affect and sleep pattern depending on the excessive consumption and tolerance level, and it can also increase anxiety depending on the amount of intake. Thanks to the aforementioned mechanisms, caffeine also has various effects on sportive performance. Studies show that caffeine protects the body's limited glycogen stores by increasing the mobilization of glycogen and the utilization of fats, thus delaying the onset of fatigue, increasing the duration of the exercise, and affecting performance parameters such as power and strength. As a result, caffeine can have positive effects on sportive performance by improving many biomotor properties. In addition to an overview of caffeine, this literature review aimed to determine what effects it has on different parameters and to convey the results with the readers.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kafein, Sportif Performans, Ergojenik
Kaynak
Journal of Exercise and Sport Sciences Research
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
3
Sayı
1
