ISTANBUL’UN FETHINDE GEMILERIN KARADAN YÜRÜTÜLMESININ ARKA PLANI
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ankara Haci Bayram Veli Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Gemilerin karadan yürütülmesi meselesi dünya tarihine bakildiginda örneklerine çok sik rastlanan bir hadise degildir. Denizcilik tarihi içerisinde gemilerin karadan yürütülerek veya tasinarak bir su kütlesinden baska bir su kütlesine atlatilmasi imkânlarin zorlanmasi olarak da görülebilir. Bu imkânlarin zorlanmasiyla ulasilamayan yerlere ulasilmakta ve fethedilemeyen yerler de fethedilmektedir. Ancak bunu gerçeklestirmek cografyayi iyi bilmeyi; bilgi ve mühendisligi iyi kullanmayi ve yeterince insan gücüne sahip olmayi gerektirmektedir. Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti ve Beylikler dönemi öncesinde gemilerin karadan yürütülmesi hadisesine dair örnekler bilinmektedir. Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’nin ilk döneminde gerçeklestirilen I. Haçli Seferi esnasinda Haçlilar, Bizans’in gönderdigi hafif gemileri Kios (Gemlik)’tan Iznik Gölü’ne karadan tasiyarak Iznik’i ele geçirebilmislerdir. Beylikler döneminde Aydinoglu Gazi Umur Bey, gerçeklestirmis oldugu bir seferinde yine karadan gemi yürütme veya tasima faaliyeti gerçeklestirmis ve basari elde etmistir. Yillar sonra Istanbul kusatmasi esnasinda II. Mehmed’in kuvvetleri tarafindan -bizzat onun projesi olarak- Marmara Denizi’nden Haliç’e gemiler karadan yürütülmüstür (21-22 Nisan 1453). Istanbul kusatmasi esnasinda gemilerin karadan yürütülmesi faaliyeti çok ustaca gerçeklestirilmistir. Tarihte ilk kez gerçeklestirilmemis olan bu faaliyetin kuvvetle muhtemel bir arka plani olmalidir.
Transporting the ships from the land to float on the water is not an incident that is very common in the course of the history of the world. In the maritime history, it can also be seen as forcing the means that the ships are evacuated from one water body to another water body by being moved or transported by land. With the difficulty of these possibilities, inaccessible places are reached and the places that cannot be conquered are also conquered. However, to realize this requires a good knowledge of geography, good use of knowledge and engineering, and having enough manpower.There are known examples of the incident of the transportation of ships from land before the Seljuk State of Turkey and the Beyliks period. During the First Crusade in the first period of the Seljuk State of Turkey, the Crusaders were able to capture Iznik by transporting the lightweight ships sent by Byzantine State from Kios (Gemlik) to Lake Iznik from land. During the period of Beyliks, also Aydinoglu Ghazi Umur Bey, carried out a ship movement or transportation activity from land and reached a success. Many years later, during the siege of Istanbul, ships were carried out by land from the Sea of Marmara to Haliç by Mehmed II.’s forces -as his personal project- (21st – 22nd April 1453). During the siege of Istanbul, the activity of conducting ships from land was carried out very skillfully. This activity, which has not been carried out for the first time in history, must have a highly probable background.
Transporting the ships from the land to float on the water is not an incident that is very common in the course of the history of the world. In the maritime history, it can also be seen as forcing the means that the ships are evacuated from one water body to another water body by being moved or transported by land. With the difficulty of these possibilities, inaccessible places are reached and the places that cannot be conquered are also conquered. However, to realize this requires a good knowledge of geography, good use of knowledge and engineering, and having enough manpower.There are known examples of the incident of the transportation of ships from land before the Seljuk State of Turkey and the Beyliks period. During the First Crusade in the first period of the Seljuk State of Turkey, the Crusaders were able to capture Iznik by transporting the lightweight ships sent by Byzantine State from Kios (Gemlik) to Lake Iznik from land. During the period of Beyliks, also Aydinoglu Ghazi Umur Bey, carried out a ship movement or transportation activity from land and reached a success. Many years later, during the siege of Istanbul, ships were carried out by land from the Sea of Marmara to Haliç by Mehmed II.’s forces -as his personal project- (21st – 22nd April 1453). During the siege of Istanbul, the activity of conducting ships from land was carried out very skillfully. This activity, which has not been carried out for the first time in history, must have a highly probable background.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
I. Haçli Seferi, Iznik, Gazi Umur Bey, II. Mehmed
Kaynak
Gazi Türkiyat
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
32
