Çevrecilik Mekâni’nin Üretimi: Ekoturizm, Doga Koruma ve Proje Alanlari
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ideal Kent Yayinlari
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalismanin amaci,liberal çevreciligin mekânsal üretimini ortaya koymak ve Çevrecilik Mekâniolarak tanimlamaktir. Öncelikle, liberal çevrecilige yöneltilen elestirilereHenri Lefebvre’in geç kapitalizmdeki kent mekanin üretimi yaklasimi entegreedilerek kuramsal bir çerçeve olusturulmustur. Buna göre Çevrecilik Mekâni üçfarkli örnek üzerinden incelenmistir; ekoturizm, doga koruma ve proje alanlari.EkoturizmAlanlarinda yasayan yerel halk hediyelik esya dükkâni saticisi veya günlük turrehberine dönüsürken dogal ekosistemler tüketim toplumunun ihtiyaç vekaygilarini tatmin eden turistik metalara dönüsmektedir. Liberal çevreci seçkinlerinsoyut planlarina göre tasarlanan Doga Koruma Alanlarinda, ‘gerçek dogal yasam’sehirlesmeden ve endüstrilesmeden uzakta var olabilmektedir. Böylece dünyaningeri kalanindaki tüm ekosistemlerin yikimi ve çöküsü gizlenebilmektedir. DogaKoruma Projesi yürütülen alanlarda ise yerel halk ve diger aktörler ilgigruplarina indirgenmekte ve aynilastirilmaktadir. Çevresel sorunlara karsilikkazan-kazan çözümleri sunan ve proje alani soyutlamasina mesruiyet saglayanbilimsel uzmanlar, dogayi yeniden tanimlamakta ve çesitli kullanim bölgelerineayirmaktadir.Örnekler göstermektedirki, liberal çevreciligin soyutlamasi kenttekine benzer biçimde dogayi vetoplumu aynilastiran tahakkümcü bir mekân üretmektedir. Devlet, sermaye, medyave çevreci sivil toplum kuruluslarinin birlikte hareket ettigi bu tahakküm sürecindedoga vahsi, tehdit altinda, güzel ve bölgelere ayrilmis biçimdetasarlanmaktadir. Turistik, koruma veya proje amaçli olarak çevrecilikmekânlarina dönüstürülen dogal alanlarda yasayan yerel halk ise saticilara,tüketicilere, ziyaretçilere ve paydaslara indirgenmektedir.
Thispaper aims to reveal the spatial production of liberal environmentalism andcalls it with a new term, Space of Environmentalism. First, the critique ofliberal environmentalism is integrated with production of urban space in latecapitalism by Henri Lefebvre as a theoretical framework. Space ofEnvironmentalism is analysed with three different examples as ecotourism site,protected area and conservation project field. Local people of ecotourism sites becomea shop owner or a tour guide, while a natural ecosystem becomes a touristiccommodity in order to satisfy needs and concerns of consumer society. In protected areas, liberal environmentalist elites impose theirabstract planthat ‘real’ wild nature can sustain in a protected area remote fromurbanization and industrialization in order to hide the consumption,destruction and the collapse of remaining ecosystems of the earth. Local people and other agents in conservation project field are homogenizedand defined as stakeholders while nature is defined and bordered by scientificexperts provide legitimization to win-win solutions to environmental threats.Theseexamples show that the abstraction of liberal environmentalism produces spacesthat homogenize and dominate nature and society like cities. State, capital,media and environmental NGOs act together to impose these spaces where natureis presented as wild, beautiful, and threatened to satisfy liberalenvironmentalist concerns and needs of a consumer society. Nature becomeshomogenized as touristic, protected or conserved spaces where local people arechanged into sellers, consumers, visitors and stakeholders.
Thispaper aims to reveal the spatial production of liberal environmentalism andcalls it with a new term, Space of Environmentalism. First, the critique ofliberal environmentalism is integrated with production of urban space in latecapitalism by Henri Lefebvre as a theoretical framework. Space ofEnvironmentalism is analysed with three different examples as ecotourism site,protected area and conservation project field. Local people of ecotourism sites becomea shop owner or a tour guide, while a natural ecosystem becomes a touristiccommodity in order to satisfy needs and concerns of consumer society. In protected areas, liberal environmentalist elites impose theirabstract planthat ‘real’ wild nature can sustain in a protected area remote fromurbanization and industrialization in order to hide the consumption,destruction and the collapse of remaining ecosystems of the earth. Local people and other agents in conservation project field are homogenizedand defined as stakeholders while nature is defined and bordered by scientificexperts provide legitimization to win-win solutions to environmental threats.Theseexamples show that the abstraction of liberal environmentalism produces spacesthat homogenize and dominate nature and society like cities. State, capital,media and environmental NGOs act together to impose these spaces where natureis presented as wild, beautiful, and threatened to satisfy liberalenvironmentalist concerns and needs of a consumer society. Nature becomeshomogenized as touristic, protected or conserved spaces where local people arechanged into sellers, consumers, visitors and stakeholders.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Çevrecilik, Mekân, Ekoturizm, Toplumsal ekoloji, Doganin sehirlesmesi
Kaynak
IDEALKENT
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
8
Sayı
21
