Türkiye’de Yerel Çevre Hareketlerinin Çesitliligi: Karadeniz Bölgesi Örnekleri
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bilgehan ATSIZ GÖKDAG
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu arastirmanin amaci, geleneksel, kentli, hiyerarsik ile profesyonel çevrecilikten çok farkli olanve 2000 yili sonrasinda yükselen Türki- ye’deki yerel çevre hareketini analiz etmektir. Zira, ülke çapinda plan- lanan binlerce küçük ölçekli hidroelektrik santral (HES) projesine karsi çikan kirsal topluluklar ilk kez bir yerel harekete katilmislardir. Alan çalismasi kapsaminda, yerel çevre hareketinin en belirgin oldugu Karadeniz Bölgesiçevreci etkinlikler, örgütlenme ve bilim, teknoloji, ekonomi ile politikaya yaklasimlarina göre analiz edilmistir. Yerelde ortaya çikan çevre hareketinin iki yil süren takibi sonucunda örgüt- lenme ve politika farkliliklarina göre seçilen üç alanda toplam 27 yari- yapilandirilmis görüsme gerçeklestirilmistir. Alan çalismasi bulgulari göstermektedir ki kirsal bölgelerde yasayan yerel halk “yasam alanla- rini savunmak” için hayatlarinda ilk defa hem çevre protestolarina ka- tilmis hem de yasam alanlarina dair karar alma süreçlerine katilmayi talep etmislerdir. Yasam alanlarina yönelik tehditler, yerel halki edil- gen kirsal topluluk durumundan ekosistemlerini savunan etkin yurt- taslara dönüstürmüstür. Yerel çevreci hareket, kirsal topluluklarin temsilciler ve bürokratlari asarakkarar alma süreçlerine katilim talep- lerini ve vatandaslik haklarini kullanma potansiyellerini göstermek- tedir. Ayrica, yerel çevreci hareket HES konusunda etkin olmaktan ka- çinan ve özel sektör ile kamu kurumlari ile birlikte hareket eden ulu- sal ve uluslararasi çevreci sivil toplum kuruluslarini güçlü bir biçimde elestirmektedir.
This paper aims to grasp the raising environmental grassroots move- ment after 2000 throughout Turkey, as it seems much different from traditional, urban, hierarchical and professional environmentalism. For the first time, rural people developed hundreds grassroots movements throughout the country challenging thousands of small- scale hydroelectric power plant (HES) projects. The field study is based on the analysis of environmental activities, organization and approaches to science and technology, economy, politics in Black Sea Region where the grassroots movement is much significant. After two years of following hundreds of cases, three fields are chosen that are different in terms of organization and politics, then 27 semi- structured interviews were conducted on the field. Field study shows that rural and local people, defending their living space, not only joined the environmental protests but also asked to join decision- making mechanisms about their livelihood. The threat to livelihoods dialectically makes passive rural people become active citizens de- fending their ecosystem. Environmental grassroots movement shows civic potential of their communities and leads them to participate into decision-making. Rural people demand to decide about their lives in- stead of representatives and bureaucrats. Moreover, they strongly criticize national and international environmental NGOs that avoid challenging HES projects and acting together with corporate and state organizations.
This paper aims to grasp the raising environmental grassroots move- ment after 2000 throughout Turkey, as it seems much different from traditional, urban, hierarchical and professional environmentalism. For the first time, rural people developed hundreds grassroots movements throughout the country challenging thousands of small- scale hydroelectric power plant (HES) projects. The field study is based on the analysis of environmental activities, organization and approaches to science and technology, economy, politics in Black Sea Region where the grassroots movement is much significant. After two years of following hundreds of cases, three fields are chosen that are different in terms of organization and politics, then 27 semi- structured interviews were conducted on the field. Field study shows that rural and local people, defending their living space, not only joined the environmental protests but also asked to join decision- making mechanisms about their livelihood. The threat to livelihoods dialectically makes passive rural people become active citizens de- fending their ecosystem. Environmental grassroots movement shows civic potential of their communities and leads them to participate into decision-making. Rural people demand to decide about their lives in- stead of representatives and bureaucrats. Moreover, they strongly criticize national and international environmental NGOs that avoid challenging HES projects and acting together with corporate and state organizations.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Taban hareketi, çevreci hareket, protesto, çevre- cilik, Karadeniz
Kaynak
Karadeniz Arastirmalari
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
14
Sayı
55
