Yazar "Oktav, Mehmet" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 11 / 11
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe An ecological approach to printing industry: Development of ecofriendly offset printing inks using vegetable oils and pine resin as renewable raw materials and evaluation of printability(Wiley, 2022) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, Mehmet; Ates Duru, OzlemPetroleum-based solvents and synthetic resins are used as raw materials for the production of varnish, which is one of the main components of offset printing inks. These petrochemical compounds that are released to the surrounding in printing process demonstrates harmful effects on environment and human health. In the light of these facts, this study was carried out to investigate the use of renewable natural resources for offset printing inks production to lower environmental impacts and protect human health. In this study, different vegetable-based offset printing inks were developed with safflower oil (SO); grape seed oil (GSO) and Pinus pinaster resin (PPR) and printability analysis were performed. To understand the effect of pine resin in the ink formulation an ink sample with mineral oil (MO) was also produced. Printing tests were carried out with coated papers and the IGT C1 offset printability tester. Color, gloss, rub resistance, viscosity and tack values were measured on the test prints. Comparison of results with standard values figured out the suitability of using the newly developed offset printing inks for printing industry. The color difference values of color differences were in range of tolerance value. The density value of SO-PPR ink was found as same with standard values while the density value GSO-PPR and MO-PPR inks were measured close to standards as 1.45, 1.42, and 1.46, respectively. The results of printability analysis demonstrated appropriate utilization of the renewable sources for ecological development of offset printing inks.Öğe BASIM TEKNOLOJİLERİNDE ÇÖZÜNÜRLÜK KAVRAMI(2023) Hayta, Pelin Hayta; Sesli, Yasemin; Oktav, MehmetGenel anlamıyla parçalardan oluşan bir bütünün birimdeki parça sayısına çözünürlük denir. Dijital ekran görüntüleri, matbaacılık yöntemiyle basılacak görüntülerden farklıdır çünkü DPI yerine monitörlerin, TV'lerin, projektörlerin veya herhangi bir ekranın piksel boyutları ve sıklığı dikkate alınır. Basılı görüntülerin çözünürlüğü için LPI (Lines per Inch) veya DPI (Dots per Inch) birimleri kullanılırken, ekran görüntüsünün çözünürlüğünü belirleyen birim ise PPI (Pixels per Inch)’tir. Dijital görüntülemede çözünürlük genellikle piksel sayısı olarak ölçülür. İnç başına piksel sayısı (PPI) arttıkça görüntü daha net ve yüksek kaliteli olur. Piksel, sıralı bir dikdörtgen ızgarada depolanan bir grafik görüntüdeki tek bir nokta veya küçük bir karedir. Görüntü çözünürlüğü tipik olarak yatay x dikey y ölçüm olarak ifade edilir. Dolayısıyla, 6000 x 4000 görüntü çözünürlüğü bize görüntünün 6000 piksel genişliğinde ve 4000 piksel yüksekliğinde olduğunu söyler. İki rakamı birlikte çarpmak, bize bunun yaygın olarak ifade edilen ikinci yolu, yani mega pikselleri verir. 6000 x 4000, daha yaygın olarak 24 megapiksel (MP) olarak yazılan 24.000.000 piksele eşittir. Ekran çözünürlüğü ile görüntü çözünürlüğü birbiriyle karıştırılmamalıdır. Ekran çözünürlüğü, bir ekranın tamamında kaç piksel bulunduğunu ifade eder. Örneğin, 24.5 inçlik bir 1920x1080 monitör inç başına düşen nokta sayısı ile 27 inçlik bir 1920x1080 monitör inç başına düşen nokta sayısı farklıdır. Baskı çözünürlüğü baskı kalitesini belirleyen en önemli parametredir. Bu nedenle; baskı çözünürlüğü tam olarak nedir ve bir yazıcı, pozlandırıcı, dijital baskı makinası seçerken çözünürlük gerçekten ne kadar önemlidir? Matbaacılık yöntemiyle basılan görüntülerin çözünürlüğü; bir inçe kaç nokta sığdığının ölçümüdür. İnç başına nokta (DPI) ne kadar çok ise görüntünün çözünürlüğü o kadar yüksek olur. İnç başına nokta basılabilen nokta sayısı, basılmış görüntüdeki kalite parametresidir.Öğe Basim Teknolojilerinde Çözünürlük Kavrami(Eurasscience Journals, 2023) Hayta, Pelin; Sesli, Yasemin; Oktav, MehmetGenel anlamiyla parçalardan olusan bir bütünün birimdeki parça sayisina çözünürlük denir. Dijital ekran görüntüleri, matbaacilik yöntemiyle basilacak görüntülerden farklidir çünkü DPI yerine monitörlerin, TV'lerin, projektörlerin veya herhangi bir ekranin piksel boyutlari ve sikligi dikkate alinir. Basili görüntülerin çözünürlügü için LPI (Line per Inch) veya DPI (Dot per Inch) birimleri kullanilirken, ekran görüntüsünün çözünürlügünü belirleyen birim ise PPI (Pixels per Inch)’tir.Dijital görüntülemede çözünürlük genellikle piksel sayisi olarak ölçülür. Inç basina piksel sayisi (PPI) arttikça görüntü daha net ve yüksek kaliteli olur. Piksel, sirali bir dikdörtgen izgarada depolanan bir grafik görüntüdeki tek bir nokta veya küçük bir karedir. Görüntü çözünürlügü tipik olarak yatay x dikey y ölçüm olarak ifade edilir. Dolayisiyla, 6000 x 4000 görüntü çözünürlügü bize görüntünün 6000 piksel genisliginde ve 4000 piksel yüksekliginde oldugunu söyler. Iki rakami birlikte çarpmak, bize bunun yaygin olarak ifade edilen ikinci yolu, yani mega pikselleri verir. 6000 x 4000, daha yaygin olarak 24 megapiksel (MP) olarak yazilan 24.000.000 piksele esittir.Ekran çözünürlügü ile görüntü çözünürlügü birbiriyle karistirilmamalidir. Ekran çözünürlügü, bir ekranin tamaminda kaç piksel bulundugunu ifade eder. Örnegin, 15 inçlik bir 640x480 monitör inç basina yaklasik 50 nokta görüntüleyecektir.Baski çözünürlügü baski kalitesini belirleyen en önemli parametredir. Bu nedenle; baski çözünürlügü tam olarak nedir ve bir yazici, pozlandirici, dijital baski makinasi seçerken çözünürlük gerçekten ne kadar önemlidir? Matbaacilik yöntemiyle basilan görüntülerin çözünürlügü; bir inç'e kaç nokta sigdiginin ölçümüdür. Inç basina nokta (DPI) ne kadar çok ise görüntünün çözünürlügü o kadar yüksek olur. Inç basina nokta basilabilen nokta sayisi, basilmis görüntüdeki kalite parametresidir.Öğe Evaluation of plant-based oils for production of offset printing ink(Wiley, 2022) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, Mehmet; Duru, Ozlem AtesThe oils and solvents are the main components of the printing ink, and the chemical composition of the ink could be harmful or toxic to human health and the environment. Therefore, there is an increasing demand to develop inks containing green, biobased, sustainable, and renewable raw materials instead of petrochemical substances. In this study, flaxseed oil (FO), pomegranate seed oil, plum kernel oil (PKO), and grape seed oil (GSO) were selected to produce offset printing inks. Pinus pinaster (P. pinaster) resin was also used in the formulation of inks to examine the effects of natural resin on ink together with vegetable oils. The phenolic content was analyzed for the resin and oils to figure out their potential antioxidant and bioactive characteristics. Optical and rheological tests were applied to evaluate the printability of the inks. L*a*b*, Delta E, density, and gloss tests were performed for optical evaluation. The viscosity, tack, and rub resistance tests were applied to perform rheological analysis. The biobased, environmental friendly, and self-drying (cold set) offset printing inks were obtained using natural pine resin and three different plant-based oils FO, PKO, and GSO. The printability analysis of the inks figured out the potential usage of plant-based oils in the offset printing ink formulation.Öğe Examination the Availability of Renewable Resources in Ink Production(Mus Alparslan Üniversitesi, 2020) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, MehmetInk is one of the basic raw materials in the printing industry and it contains petrochemicals. When petrochemical substances in the ink structure are separated from the ink, it can be dangerous for human health and the environment. Especially when exposed to volatile organic compounds that are released into the air during printing, it causes occupational diseases. The damage caused by petrochemicals to the environment and human health has made it necessary to research renewable resources all over the world. In this direction, studies on the use of renewable resources in the printing industry are important. The purpose of this review is; to provide information for printing industry by examining the researches and results of the renewable resources in ink component and encourage this industry. For this purpose, national and international studies were researched, the necessary literature reviews were made and the printability effects of the research results were explained.Öğe Natural lake pigment extraction: sustainable production of plant-based pigments for water-based inks and their printability potential(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2026) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, MehmetPurposeIn this study, lake pigments were tested in water-based flexo printing inks and their printability potential was determined. This study aims to support environmentally friendly production by promoting the use of natural plant-based materials and to contribute to the existing literature in this field.Design/methodology/approachSolutions were prepared using KAI(SO4)2.12H2O and K2CO3 to produce natural lake pigments from plants. Pigments were obtained from the plants by forming precipitates from the solutions. Each natural pigment extraction was tested as a colorant in a water-based flexographic printing ink. Test prints were taken on woodfree uncoated paper. The printability properties of the pigments were determined by conducting L*a*b* color values, gloss measurements and light fastness tests on the test prints.FindingsThe gloss results of the test prints indicate that the gloss values of the natural pigments range between 2.0 and 2.7. The light fastness values of the extracted pigments range from 1 to 3 according to the Blue Wool Scale. Among the samples, X1, X3 and X16 exhibited the highest lightfastness performance, with a value of 3. The L*a*b* color values and gloss values indicate that the colors are light in tone and low in gloss, while the light fastness results show that the X1, X3 and X16 pigments are slightly more resistant to fading. As a result of printability tests, it was determined that plant-based natural pigments X1, X3, X4, X12 and X14, which were extracted, are close to water-based light pastel Pantone color tones and can be used in water-based flexo inks.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in the use of 16 different plants for natural pigment production and the investigation of their applicability as colorants in water-based flexographic printing inks and their printability potential.Öğe Preparation of Ecofriendly Offset Printing Ink Varnish with Safflower Oil and Pinus pinaster Resin and Printability(2020) Hayta, Pelin Hayta; Oktav, Mehmet; Duru, Ozlem Ates; Ozomay, ZaferOffset printing inks are composed of four main components including colorants, binders, solvents and additives. When these components are examined, it is seen that they contain petrochemical substances. During and after the printing process, some of these components are separated from the ink as waste material and are mixed with air, water or soil, thus damaging nature and human beings. Considering this problem, safflower oil and natural (Pinus pinaster) resin were used in this study to produce bio based offset printing ink varnish, one of the main components of the ink. Safflower oil and (Pinus pinaster) resin were mixed in different proportions to form varnish with suitable viscosity to the printing ink composition. The usability of these varnishes as an alternative for varnishes produced with mineral oil in standard offset printing ink was investigated. Magenta color standard offset printing ink was prepared with these varnishes and sample prints were printed on coated paper, uncoated paper, Bristol board with IGT C1 offset printability tester. Test prints were examined in terms of specialties such as drying, L*a*b and density with a spectrophotometer. As a result of the measurements and determinations, it was determined that the varnish produced with safflower oil and (Pinus pinaster) resin can be used instead of offset printing ink varnishes produced with mineral oil.Öğe Production of environmentally friendly printing ink varnish using Pinus brutia resin and sunflower oil and determination of printability parameters(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2026) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, Mehmet; Akgul, Ahmet; Ozomay, ZaferPurposeThis study aims to investigate the usability of Pinus brutia resin and sunflower oil in printing ink varnish. The areas where Pinus brutia forests are located in Turkey are the most suitable forests for pine resin production due to the topography and climatic conditions. For this reason, another aim of the study is to determine the usability of Pinus brutia resin, a sustainable resource that has not been tried in printing inks before, in ink.Design/methodology/approachForty grams of sunflower oil and 70 g Pinus brutia resin were used as varnish components. Offset printing ink was prepared by formulating 80% varnish, 17% cyan pigment and 3% dryer. The prepared varnish was tested in the eco-friendly offset printing ink formulation.FindingsRheological and optical analyses were performed to test the varnish. Viscosity, tack and rub resistance tests were performed for rheological analysis; and L*a*b*, gloss and light fastness tests were performed for optical analysis. Rheological tests showed that the varnish can be used in offset printing ink formulation. Printability tests confirmed that the varnish can work in ink.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is the production of varnish from the combination of natural Pinus brutia resin and natural sunflower oil and demonstration of varnish workability in ink. The varnish thus produced is completely natural. Pinus brutia resin grown in Turkey has been tested for the first time in printing ink and has been successful. On the other hand, it has been determined that the resin obtained from Pinus brutia tree is a natural and sustainable raw material that can be used in ink varnish without damaging the ecosystem.Öğe The effect of offset printing plate deformation on print quality(Int Assoc Research Organizations Inform, Media & Graphic Arts Ind, 2025) Buyukpehlivanoglu, Gulhan A.; Oktav, Mehmet; Ozdemir, Lutfi; Ural, Elif; Hayta, PelinTo be able to make q & uuml;ality prints on & uuml;ncoated paper, it directly depends on the printin & gbreve; system, the physical properties of the s & uuml;bstrate, the ink and ink dryin & gbreve; method, the plate properties and the n & uuml;mber of prints, the printin & gbreve; room conditions, and the properties of other main and a & uuml;xiliary materials & uuml;sed in printin & gbreve;. Web offset printin & gbreve; system (heat-set), & uuml;ncoated paper, CtP plate preparation, heat-set inks, and dryin & gbreve; methods were considered in this paper. For prints made on & uuml;ncoated papers, the loss of q & uuml;ality ca & uuml;sed by the wear of the printin & gbreve; plate d & uuml;e to physical and chemical effects d & uuml;rin & gbreve; the printin & gbreve; process was examined practically by test printin & gbreve;s. For this p & uuml;rpose, 180 000 test prints were made with thermal CtP plates & uuml;sed in heat-set printin & gbreve;. Microscopic and three-dimensional/topo & gbreve;raphic ima & gbreve;es of the s & uuml;rface were taken before and after printin & gbreve;, and their areas at the level of micrometer sq & uuml;are (& micro;m2) were meas & uuml;red. Dot size deformation was also vis & uuml;ally examined and eval & uuml;ated, dependin & gbreve; on the n & uuml;mber. For hi & gbreve;h vol & uuml;me print r & uuml;n on & uuml;ncoated paper, it was determined that the plate m & uuml;st be replaced per 150 000 impressions or baked before printin & gbreve;.Öğe The Importance of Waste and Environment Management in Printing Industry(CNR Çevre, 2019) Hayta, Pelin; Oktav, MehmetAll kinds of materials that become useless duringproduction activities, damage the environment and must be exterminated aregenerally called waste. Waste is also defined as all materials thrown away byits manufacturer or a person or entity who owns it and causes a harmful changeat environment.The most important of the solid, liquid and gaseouswastes produced in the printing industry before, during and after the printingprocess are waste ink, ink sludge and solvents emerging after machine washing,wastewater of water-based ink, plate and film developer and fixer solutions, wastepapers, waste films, faulty prints, cleaning solvents and volatile organiccompound (VOC) emissions emerging from IPA use. Some of these wastes fall intothe hazardous waste category due to their processing characteristics during theproduction process. Effective and regular extermination of these wastes isnecessary to protect the environment and employee health. This can be providedonly by the application of waste management. Some wastes are recycled andreused at printing industry, but in some cases that recycling is impossible,these wastes should be eliminated without harming human health and environment.Especially the materials whose disposal is compulsory should be classified atthe source and sent to licensed disposal companies.As a new sector, waste management industry shoulddevelop new and special processes for printing technologies wastes. Owners ofprinting companies should be informed about waste management. At wastemanagement process, the most appropriate clean production techniques should beused, waste production should be prevented or minimized and wastes should berecycled effectively.The aim of this study is to provide suggestions andcontributions for the possible best ways of preventing the wastes from harmingthe nature and disposing or recycling of the wastes generated during productionin the printing industry.Öğe Yenilenebilir maddelerle hazırlanan cyan renk ofset baskı mürekkebinin basılabilirlik analizleri(2022) Hayta, Pelin Hayta; Oktav, Mehmet; Ozomay, Zafer; Duru, Ozlem AtesOfset baskı mürekkepleri içeriğinde yer alan hammaddeler genellikle petrokimyasal maddelerdir. Mürekkep bileşeninde bağlayıcı, çözücü ve katkı maddesi olarak yer alan petrokimyasal maddelerin bazıları baskı esnasında ve sonrasında mürekkep filminden ayrılırlar. Havaya, suya ve toprağa karışabilen bu maddeler insan sağlığı ve çevre için zararlı olabilmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada; iki tür ofset baskı mürekkebi hazırlanmıştır. Mürekkep 1 Aspir yağı ve Pinus pinaster (sahil çamı) reçinesi ile mürekkep 2 mineral yağ ve Pinus pinaster reçinesi kullanılarak formüle edilmiştir. Mürekkeplerin farklı tür kağıtlar üzerine ofset baskı tekniğiyle test baskıları yapılmıştır. Baskıları yapılan kağıtların baskı anı ve mürekkep kuruması sonrası renk ölçümleri yapılarak ofset baskı tekniğine uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Ayrıca piyasada kullanılan standart bir cyan renk ofset baskı mürekkebi doğal bileşenlerle hazırlanan iki mürekkeple birlikte analiz edilerek karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarında görülmüştür ki; kuruma sonrasında Mürekkep 1 ile baskısı yapılmış olan kağıtlardan uluslararası standartlara göre en iyi sonucu veren Bristol karton olmuştur. Bristol karton ΔE=6,6136 ve densite=1,2 değerlerinde ölçülmüştür. Mat kuşe kâğıt ΔE=10,94 ve densite=1,14 değerleriyle bu mürekkeple baskı uygunluğu en düşük kağıt olmuştur. Tüm analizlerin sonucunda doğal bileşenlerin mürekkep içeriğinde kullanılabileceği fakat nihai standart üretim için bileşenlerin oranlarının değiştirilerek standart değerlerle eş değer sonuçların elde edilebileceği gözlemlenmiştir.
