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Öğe A comparative study of X-ray structural analysis, supramolecular investigation by Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT computations for tricyclic 1,4-benzodiazepines(Elsevier, 2025) Kurbanova, Malahat; Ahsin, Atazaz; Aliyev, Gaya; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Sahin, Onur; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Abuelizz, Hatem A.The tricyclic 1,4-benzodiazepines - seven-membered heterocyclic compounds were synthesized derived from the three-component reaction involving o-phenylenediamine, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione and various aromatic aldehydes under the influence of HCl. The crystal structure of 11-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl2,3,4,5,10,11-hexahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin-1-one (NDDD) and 11-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl2,3,4,5,10,11-hexahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin-1-one (CDDD) corroborated through single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates crystal packing along with role of intermolecular forces in stabilizing supramolecular assembly of NDDD and CDDD. 2D fingerprint analysis is carried out to envisage to the elemental interactions in the assumption of a single crystal containing molecular fragments. DFT investigations have been carried out to understand the reactivity of NDDD and CDDD at the m062x/def2tzvp method. The obtained geometric parameters from theoretical study are well consistent with experimentally reported XRD analysis. Bonding analysis and charge transfer were examined by performing quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis. The synthesized NDDD and CDDD exhibit excellent electronic and nonlinear optical properties. The NLO response is justified through computed hyperpolarizability values.Öğe Crystalline salt synthesis from p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine, single crystal XRD study along with computational investigation(Elsevier, 2025) Kurbanova, Malahat; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Ahsin, Atazaz; Sahin, Onur; Sayida, Shoubova; Maharramov, Abel; Tahir, Muhammad NawazThe condensation reaction of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde with o-phenylenediamine under the gaze of CCl3COOH results in the synthesis of 2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)- 1H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium chloride (DBIC) crystalline salt. The X-ray diffraction method confirms that DBIC is crystallized in monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/n and chemical formula 2(C15H16N3)+0 & sdot;2(Cl)-& sdot;H2O. XRD showed that DBIC is a salt with asymmetric unit composed of two cations, two anions and a water molecule. Difference between the orientation of two cations concerning each other is explored by molecular overlay plot. N-H & ctdot;O, N-H & ctdot;Cl, OH & ctdot;Cl, C-H & ctdot;Cl, C-H & ctdot;pi, pi & ctdot;pi intermolecular interactions stabilize the solid-state assembly which are explored via Hirshfeld surface analysis. The H & ctdot;H and H & ctdot;Cl are the most dominating elemental contacts within the crystal structure. DFT study reveals the superb electronic structures and reactivity of DBIC. The presence of noncovalent interactions between Cl-atom and H-atoms of cationic moiety can impart excellent NLO features in our complex. The molecular electrostatic potential and electron localizing function predicts the surface reactivity and bonding electrons in complex. The optical and nonlinear optical properties were anticipated through hyperpolarizability response.Öğe First crystalline salt of 1,1-bis-(carboxymethylthio)-1-phenylethane: synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and computational study(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Osmanova, Sabiya; Kurbanova, Malahat; Ambreen, Jaweria; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Sahin, Onur; Shah, Khizar HussainThe reaction of 1,1-bis-(carboxymethylthio)-1-phenylethane with piperidine was conducted in an acetone solution at a molar ratio of the initial components of 1:2. As a result, a new compound was obtained: piperidinium-1,1-bis-(carboxymethylthio)-1-phenylethane, characterized by FT-IR. The crystal structure of the synthesized compound is structurally elucidated via single crystal XRD technique, indicating that a H-atom is transferred from half of the piperidinium-1,1-bis-(carboxymethylthio)-1-phenylethane part to the piperidine ring and the structure is a salt in nature. N-H & ctdot;O and C-H & ctdot;O bondings contribute to the stability and enforcement of crystal packing; further assessment is supported via Hirshfeld surface analysis, considering interatomic contacts. We employed density functional theory (DFT)-based computations along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in a systematic manner, aiming for the investigation of the stabilizing interactions and electronic characteristics of the molecular ionic compound. The structural framework is notably stabilized by dual N-H & centerdot;& centerdot;& centerdot;O hydrogen bonding, originating from piperidine rings positioned on either side of the central fragment. Electronic structure analysis revealed intermolecular charge transfer characteristics through HOMO-LUMO orbital distributions, complemented by TD-DFT studies of excited state behavior. Furthermore, ab initio MD simulations at 300 K conclusively demonstrated the ionic compound's robust kinetic and dynamic stability.Öğe Single crystal XRD, Hirshfeld surface analysis and computational approach for exploration of novel xanthene derivative(Elsevier, 2025) El Bakri, Youness; Kurbanova, Malahat; Ahsin, Atazaz; Gurbanova, Fidan; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Sahin, Onur; Tahir, Muhammad NawazIn order to study the structure-activity relationship of xanthene compound, hexahydro xanthene derivative was synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-rays diffraction. The molecular geometry was described in terms of dihedral angles between various rings present in structure. The stability of the supramolecular assembly was reinforced by multiple intermolecular interactions, which were inspected comprehensively via Hirshfeld surface analysis. DFT study revealed the excellent electronic properties and reactivity of synthesized compound. FMO is employed to uncover the orbitals energies and charge transfer within compound. The contribution of van der Waals forces is minor, while covalent nature of bonding is evidenced by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) study. The electron transition from nonbonding orbitals (LP) to antibonding (LP*) are most prominent donor-acceptor interactions with significant stabilization energy. Ab-initio molecular dynamics reveals the kinetic and thermodynamic stability of present compound at room temperature. The excellent nonlinear optical properties and reactivity is revealed by its remarkable hyperpolarizability value.Öğe Synthesis, structural features, computational study along with molecular docking examination of organosulfur mercaptoacetic acid based compound(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2025) Osmanova, Sabiya; Kurbanova, Malahat; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Feizi-Dehnayebi, Mehran; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Sahin, OnurWe carried out a thiylating reaction of p-nitroacetophenone with thioglycolic acid. The reaction was carried out in a benzene solution, with a molar ratio of the initial components of 1:4. 1,1-bis-(carboxymethylthio)-1-p-nitrophenylethane (CTNE). Structural features are evaluated via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, 1H NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Structure is composed of an organosulfur molecule and a water molecule. Organosulfur molecule adopted non-planar conformation supported via dihedral angle of 71.3 (4)degrees among carboxylic acid groups. Supramolecular organization is primarily supported via O-H & ctdot;O bonding. Further stability of the supramolecular organization is due to pi & ctdot;pi interactions with inter-centroid separation range from 3.85 to 4.01 & Aring;. Strong and weaker interactions are evaluated via Hirshfeld surface analysis which showed that H & ctdot;O contact has highest contribution in stability of the supramolecular organization. DFT calculations at the B3PW91/6-311 + + g (2d,2p) level was employed to optimize the molecular geometry and assess the electronic properties of the synthesized compound. Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO)- Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy gap (triangle E = 4.06 eV) of the synthesized compound indicates enhanced chemical reactivity and biological potential compared to precursor molecules. Furthermore, molecular docking studies demonstrated a promising binding affinity (-7.05 kcal/mol) toward VEGFR2, stabilized through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting potential anticancer activity through angiogenesis inhibition.Öğe Synthesis, structure, supramolecular assembly inspection by Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT study and molecular docking inspection of 4,5-bis (2-chlorophenyl)-8a-phenylhexahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7 (1H,3H)-dithione(Elsevier, 2025) Ahsin, Atazaz; Kurbanova, Malahat; Ahmad, Sajjad; Qamar, Aamna; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Dege, NecmiWe studied the three-component condensation of 2-chloraldehyde, acetophenone, and thiourea in conjunction with HCl, resulting in the formation of a new compound: 4,5-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-8a-phenylhexahydropyrimido [4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7(1H,3H)-dithione (CPPD). The compound's structure was affirmed via X-ray diffraction study. The asymmetric unit contained two molecules that were independent relative to crystallography and an ethanol solvent. The difference between independent molecules was explored by dihedral angles between similar rings in both molecular. The difference between molecules was further explored by molecular overlay plot. The supramolecular assembly was supported via diverse intermolecular interactions which were studied through the use of Hirshfeld surface analysis. Electronic structure computations were carried out at the omega b97xd/tzvp level. Natural bonding orbital (NBO), and FMO study reveal reactivity and charge transfer mechanisms within the compound. Furthermore, the nature of bonding in the present molecule is characterized through quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), ELF, and LOL studies. Ab-initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) revealed the kinetic and thermodynamic stability at 300 K. The DFT results have excellent correlation with experimental data. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation further revealed the compound to get deep access in the active pocket of type 2 anti-diabetes GLUT4 protein. This was validated by the stable dynamics as demonstrated by the uniform behavior of the root mean square deviation (RMSD) plot. The root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) also showed stable interactions with amino acids in the presence of the compound. Further, simulation trajectories on the basis of binding free energies indicate the significant role of van der Waals force in the formation of the intermolecular docked complex. This concluded the compound might be a potent structure for the development of anti-diabetic compounds.












