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    Effect of Ammonia at Different pH Values on Survival of Juveniles of Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 (Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
    (Inst Zoology, Bas, 2021) Gfindogdu, Ayse; Harmantepe, Fatma Burcu; Karslr, Zafer; Dogan, Gaye
    The aim of the study was to determine the toxic effect of ammonia concentration on juveniles of Palaemon adspersus, a shrimp species important for both fisheries and food webs. Juveniles of P. adspersus were exposed to various ammonia concentrations (NH3) in acute toxicity tests at four pH values (6-9). The 24, 48, 72 and 96-hour LC50 values of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) ranged from 114.82 to 67.61 mg/dm(3) at pH 6; from 120.23 to 69.18 mg/dm(3) at pH 7; from 87.10 to 54.95 mg/dm(3) at pH 8; from 79.43 to 19.95 mg/dm(3) at pH 9. The 24, 48, 72 and 96-hour LC50 values of NH3-N varied within range of 0.054 to 0.037 mg/dm(3) at pH 6, 0.569 to 0.309 mg/dm(3) at pH 7, 3.846 to 2.291 mg/dm(3) at pH 8 and 24.547 to 6.166 mg/dm(3) at pH 9. It was determined that high pH values noticeably decreased the tolerance of juveniles of P. adspersus to TAN and NH3-N. Mortality rates increased in parallel with increasing NH3 concentrations, pH and exposure time.
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    Effects of Diets Containing of Brown Fish Meal and White Fish Meal on Growth of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (WALBAUM, 1792) Juveniles
    (Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 2008) Harmantepe, Fatma Burcu; Dogan, Gaye; Karsli, Zafer; Aral, Orhan; Kaya, Dilara
    In this study, the effect of dietary inclusion of brown fish meal (anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus L.) and white fish meal (Cod, Gadus morhua L.) on growth performance, feed utilization, protein utilization, nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen loading in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) was investigated. Two experimental isonitrogenic (460 g kg-1) and isolipidic (200 g kg-1) diets were formulated. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 120 juvenile fish with an initial body weight of 10 g. Fish were fed twice daily to satiation for 30 days. At the end of the trial the best spesific growth rate, feed conversion rate, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen loading of the group fed white fish meal were obtained and the differences between groups of these parameters were significant (p<0.05)
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    Effects of supplementing the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diet with Spirulina and Chlorella on the tissue's cadmium detoxification capacity, growth performance, fatty acid composition, antioxidant defense system and liver histology
    (Elsevier, 2025) Harmantepe, Fatma Burcu; Gundogdu, Ayse; Karsli, Zafer; Sagir, Dilek
    This study aimed to determine the effects of the addition of Spirulina and Chlorella of the diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on their growth, nutrient composition, the parameters of their antioxidant defense systems, liver histology, and the cadmium removal process of their tissues. Fish with an average weight of 84.25 +/- 3.55 g containing Cd in their tissues were distributed in 15 tanks with 18 fish per tank. The fish were fed diets consisting of 0% (Control-1), 0% (Control-2), 4% Chlorella, 4% Spirulina and Chlorella +2% Spirulina twice a day until they were satiated for a period of 80 days. At the conclusion of the experiment, it was determined that diets containing microalgae demonstrated increased growth rates, and that the growth values obtained from the 4% Spirulina and the Control-1 were similar (p > 0.05). Regarding the fatty acid content, with the addition of microalgae to the diet, a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in SFA values and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in PUFA values were observed compared to the groups Control-1 and Control-2. On days 40 and 80, Cd levels in the muscle and liver tissue of the fish were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the groups that were fed diets containing microalgae in comparison with the Control-2 group. On days 40 and 80, the SOD, CAT, GSH, GST, and GPx values of liver tissues were higher (p < 0.05) than those of the Control-2 group. As a result of the semiquantitative histopathological evaluation of the liver tissues, improvements were observed in all groups containing microalgae; however, the most remarkable improvement was achieved in the Spirulina group. The results obtained in the study revealed that the addition of microalgae to rainbow trout feed removed Cd from liver and muscle tissues, reinforced the antioxidant defense system parameters, and increased growth. However, when the groups containing microalgae were compared among themselves, the diets containing 4 % Spirulina and 2 % Chlorella +2 % Spirulina were found to be more effective on these parameters.
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    Kahverengi ve Beyaz Balık Unu İçeren Yemlerin Gökkuşağı Alabalığı, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Yavrularının Büyümesi Üzerine Etkileri
    (Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 2008) Harmantepe, Fatma Burcu; Doğan, Gaye; Karslı, Zafer; Aral, Orhan; Kaya, Dilara
    Bu çalışmada, alabalık yemlerinde kullanılan kahverengi (hamsi, Engraulisencrasicolus L.) ve beyz balık unu (morina, Gadus morhua L.), gökkuşağı alabalığı yavrularının büyüme performansı , yem ve protein değerlendirme, nitrojen birikim ve nitrojen başaltım miktarı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemede kullanılan yemler iso nitrojenik (460 g kg-1) ve iso lipidik (200 g kg-1) olacak şekilde formüle edilmiştir. Üç tekerrür olarak planlanan denemede ortalama ağırlığı 10 g olan 120 adet yavru balık kullanılmıştır. Balıklar 30 gün süreyle günde iki kez doyuncaya kadar yemlenmişlerdir. Deneme sonunda en iyi spesifik büyüme oranı, yem değerlendirme sayısı, protein dönüşüm randımanı, nitrojen birikim ve boşaltım miktarı beyaz balık unu içeren yemle beslenen gruptan elde edilmiş ve gruplar arasındaki fark önemli (p<0,05) bulunmuştur.
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    The Effect of Fishmeal Source and Lipid Ratio on Growth and Nutrient Composition of Juvenile Turbot (Psetta maxima)
    (Tokat Gaziosmanpasa Üniversitesi, 2023) Harmantepe, Fatma Burcu; Büyükhatipoglu, Sevket
    The study investigated how the sources of fish meal and the amount of lipids in the diets of juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) affected growth, feed utilization, body composition, and nutrient balance. The fish were fed with feed produced using two different fish meals for 50 days: white fish meal (WFM) from Alaska cod, Gadus chalcogrammus and brown fish meal (BFM) from Black Sea anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus. The diets prepared as BFM-HL (Brown fish meal- high lipid), BFM-LL (Brown fish meal- low lipid), WFM-HL (Whitefish meal-high lipid), WFM LL (Whitefish meal-low lipid) contained 53% protein and 10–14% lipid. Fish meal sources and lipid levels had a substantial (P< 0.05) impact on final weight, specific growth rate (SGR), daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency rate (PER), nitrogen intake, gain, and loss, and lipid intake, gain, and retention. WFM-HL fed fish showed the best SGR, FCR, and PER results. When compared to the other diets, the WFM-HL diet's better protein utilization led to a considerably higher (P< 0.05) nitrogen retention. The fish-fed WFM-HL and BFM-HL diets had higher lipid retention values. Protein, lipid, and ash levels in the whole fish body were significantly (P< 0.05) influenced by the dietary fish meal source and lipid level. Compared to diets containing BFM, the results suggested that employing WFM in diet would be more promising in terms of higher growth performance and nutrient utilization. Also, with regard to experimental design, dietary lipid levels of 14% could result in greater growth than the diet containing 10% lipid, regardless of fish meal sources and levels.