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Öğe An Exploratory Research on Social Support Perceptions of Foreign Workers in Tourism Enterprises: the Case of Sinop(2020) Kaptangil, Kerem; Asan, KubraWith the effect of globalization, migration has become one of the most important events of themodern life. Foreigners started to be seen in the employment markets with the effect of migrations and tourismenterprises became an important field of study for foreign workers. Social support of foreign employees infamily, friends and work environment has positive effects on their psychology and performance and facilitatestheir adaptation with the host community. In this context, the main purpose of the study is to understand theperception of social support in terms of the problems experienced by foreigners working in tourism enterprisesin the case of Sinop. For the purpose of the study, in-depth interviews were conducted with migrants andforeign students in Sinop. The collected data were subjected to content analysis. As a result of analysisperformed that identified four themes which include the reasons for coming to Turkey, social experiences,study problems and future perceptions. The findings showed that the participants' perception of social supportwas not low despite problems such as unregistered work, low wages and unqualification. Participants perceivedemotional, informational, togetherness and rarely financial support in family, friends and work environments.In addition, the results of the study indicate that the tourism sector is a facilitating and harmonizing field ofemployment for foreigners, with labor-intensive, seasonal and low-skilled jobs. The study is expected to makeoriginal contributions to the literature as it deals with the problem of foreign workers who are subject to veryfew studies in tourism. As a result of this study, macro recommendations for country policies towards foreignemployment and micro recommendations for tourism enterprises employing foreign personnel were tried to bedeveloped.Öğe Bağımsız Bisiklet Turistleri(2022) Asan, KubraBisiklet turizmi uygulaması olarak, tamamı bir bisiklet turunu kapsayan ve/veya destinasyona ulaşırken temel aracın bisiklet olduğu turizm etkinlikleri, bağımsız bisiklet turizmi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye örneğinde bağımsız bisiklet turistlerinin profilini ortaya koymak üzere tanımlayıcı bir çalışma desenlenmiştir. Turistik amaçlarla tur etkinlikleri yapan 460 katılımcıdan çevrimiçi anket yoluyla toplanan veriler, kümeleme analizi, ANOVA ve ki-kare analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. İncelemeler sonucunda tur tercihlerine göre bağımsız bisiklet turistlerinin sakin turcular, uzun yol turcuları, konfor arayan turcular ve sosyal turcular olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Demografik değişkenler içinde yaş ve medeni durum gruplar arası farklılığı açıklarken, cinsiyet, çalışma ve eğitim durumu bakımından gruplar arası anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Çalışma sonucunda bisiklet turizmi alanında hizmet üretecek turizm uygulayıcıları ve bisiklet turizminin gelişmesini sağlayacak politikalar geliştirecek karar vericiler için öneriler sunulmuştur.Öğe BICYCLE TOURING EXPERIENCES AS A SOCIAL-INCLUSION ACTIVITY FOR VISUALLY DISABLED INDIVIDUALS(Univ Rijeka, Faculty Tourism & Hospitality Management, Opatija, 2022) Asan, Kubra; Aksoz, Emre OzanPurpose - This study is aimed towards examining the experiences of visually impaired people participating in tourism and recreational activities with tandem bicycles and to explain the social integration function of cycling. Design - The research was conducted using qualitative research methods in an exploratory study. Methodology - Data were collected through in-depth interviews with a total of six visually impaired touring cyclists in Turkey. Approach - An inductive approach was used in the study. Findings - After the analysis, four themes were identified: 'embodied experiences,' 'equal difficulties,' 'friendships' and 'social inclusion.' First, the analysis revealed that participants embodied experiences of nature, socialisation, freedom, entertainment, and exploration through body performance in a multisensory manner. Second, disabled people have similar challenges as non-disabled people. Third, friendships rather than acquaintances developed between tandem partners with and without visual impairments, which contributed to long-term social inclusion. Finally, cycling tours play an important role in the social inclusion of people with disabilities by facilitating access to the social environment and raising disability awareness Originality of the research - This study contributes to the expansion of theoretical and practical knowledge about the cycling experiences of disabled individuals in tourism and leisure.Öğe Cognitive Destination Image and Tourist Satisfaction: The Case of the Fruit Festival in Thailand(Cinturs-Research Centre Tourism Sustainability & Well-Being, 2022) Daskin, Mustafa; Asan, KubraThis research study aims to examine the association between cognitive destination image (CDI) attributes and tourist satisfaction. Data for the present research work was attained from a sample of tourists at Sisaket Fruit Festival/ Thailand. Participants self-managed the questionnaires. A total number of 110 usable questionnaires were collected in the survey context. Bootstrapping technique by Partial Least Square-PLS in conjunction with SPSS 23 was used to analyze the data. The path analyses show that the CDI attributes were found positively related to tourist satisfaction at different levels. Additionally, based on the analyses of demographic comparisons, foreign tourists were found to be more satisfied with the festival through their participation in the study was much less than the Thai tourists. Public jobholders were more satisfied compared to the private jobholders and the student participants. This study contributes to tourism literature and has helpful implications for the industry in terms of developing fruit festivals and fairs.Öğe Cohesion in cycling neo-tribes: a netnographic approach(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Asan, Kubra; Chi, Christina Geng-qing; Yolal, MedetPeople come together and create new communities around their special interests. Although the members of these communities, defined as neo-tribes, have highly individualistic, fluid and reflexive identities, they share 'an intense sense of us', in other words, cohesion. This study presents a netnographic examination of two different cycling communities in Turkey to explain the concept of cohesion in neo-tribes. The results of the study indicate that the neo-tribe members express their cohesion under the themes of acting together, entertaining together, collaboration, appreciation, shared values and shared concerns. This study allows for a better understanding of the cycling community and provides important insights to developing cycling for leisure, recreation and tourism purposes.Öğe Connectedness to nature and life satisfaction of seniors: the mediating effects of tourist experience and tourist well-being(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Asan, Kubra; Alrawadieh, Zaid; Altinay, LeventConnectedness to nature (CTN) has been widely acknowledged as having a favourable impact on individuals participating in nature-based activities. However, existing research seems to focus on environmental outcomes overlooking the potential impact of CTN on tourist experience and well-being of individuals in general and the elderly in particular. Considering this omission and drawing on a transformative tourism perspective, the present study proposes and tests a conceptual model linking CTN with tourist experience, tourist well-being, and life satisfaction. Drawing on data collected from 211 senior individuals aged 60 and over participating in nature-based activities in the UK and Turkey, the findings confirm the positive effect of CTN on tourist experience, tourist well-being, and life satisfaction. As predicted, the findings also show that tourist well-being has a positive spill over effect on the life satisfaction of the elderly. The study makes theoretical contributions to CTN research and senior tourism scholarship and suggests important implications for both the commercial travel trade as well as local councils, NGOs, and other community associations concerned with the elderly's welfare and quality of life.Öğe Exploring the role of place attachment and prison museum experience on recommending intention and subjective well-being(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Asan, Kubra; Daskin, MustafaThe aim of the study is to explore the influence of prison experience and place attachment on recommend intention and subjective well-being in the context of dark tourism. A survey was conducted within the scope of Sinop Historical Prison in Sinop/Turkey. Data were collected from a total of 143 visitors using the convenience sampling technique. The collected data were analysed using Partial Least Square (PLS). According to the findings, prison experience and place attachment have significant effects on recommending intention and subjective well-being. Moreover, the study provides empirical contributions to the literature in terms of measuring the prison museum experience.Öğe Festival Katılımcılarının Deneyim Temelli Sınıflandırılması(2020) Asan, Kubra; Yolal, MedetFestivaller işletme, katılımcı ve yerel halka kazandırdığı sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel faydalar nedeniyle yükselen bir trende sahiptir. Artan festival sayısı ve çeşitliliği rekabet ortamı yarattığından, tüketici yönelimli pazarlama stratejilerine göre festival katılımcıları üzerinde pazar bölümlendirme çalışmaları yapmak organizatörler için fayda sağlayacaktır. Buradan hareketle çalışmada deneyim ekonomileri yaklaşımı kapsamında incelenen festival deneyimleri temel alınarak festival katılımcıları üzerinde bir bölümlendirme araştırması yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye’de Sinop kentinde gerçekleşen Kuzeyfest Rock Müzik Festivali örneğinde bir alan araştırması yürütülmüştür. Anket tekniğiyle toplanan veriler üzerinde, faktör analizi, kümeleme analizi, ki-kare ve t-test analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların, deneyimleri ve çeşitli sosyo-demografik özellikleri kapsamında “aktif deneyimciler” ve “pasif deneyimciler” olmak üzere iki gruba anlamlı bir şekilde ayrılabildiği görülmüştür. Buna göre genç, bekar ve öğrenci oldukları görülen pasif deneyimciler, daha çok eğlence deneyimi yaşarken; eğitim düzeyi yüksek, çalışma hayatında yer alan ve yaş ortalaması nispeten yüksek olan aktif deneyimcilerin daha çok eğitim ve kaçış deneyimi yaşadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Öğe Göstergebilim Yaklaşımı Kapsamında Turizm Mitleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme(2022) Asan, KubraMitler, ilkel dönemlerde olduğu gibi modern ve geç modern dönemde de olguların anlamlandırılması veya normalleştirilmesi için başvurulan bir dil biçimi olmuştur. Turizmle ilgili süreçlerin anlamlandırılmasında da mitler, epistemolojik bir perspektif ve yeni tartışma alanları açma potansiyeli taşır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada turizm mitleri üzerine genel bir kavramsal çerçeve sunmak amacıyla alanyazın taraması yapılmıştır. Lévi-Strauss’un derin yapısal karşıtlıklar temelinde mit çözümleme yaklaşımı takip edilerek turizmde göstergebilim çalışmaları kapsamında bir derleme çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları turizm mitlerinin, eleştirel ve işlevsel bağlamlarda kavramsallaştırabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Eleştirel bağlamda turizm mitlerinde neoliberalizm, postkolonyalizm ve neokolonyalizm ideolojileri öne çıkmaktadır. İşlevsel bağlamda ise turistik deneyim ve destinasyonların tutundurulmasında bir pazarlama dili olarak mitlere başvurulduğu görülmektedir. Çalışma sonuçlarının turizm mitlerinin kavramsallaştırılması ve turizm araştırmalarında gösterge ve mitlerin çözümlenmesi konularında alanyazına katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.Öğe Kadın Gezginlerin Deneyimleri Üzerine Bir Sosyal Medya Araştırması(2023) Çiçek, Dönüş; Asan, KubraBu çalışmanın amacı kadın gezginlerin Instagram hesaplarında yaptıkları paylaşımlar kapsamında deneyimlerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma sonuçları kadın gezgin deneyimlerinin anlaşılmasında yeni bakış açıları sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın veri seti, Phantombuster uygulaması kullanılarak kaydedilen, 11 Ağustos 2021 ve 15 Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında #gezginkadinlar etiketiyle yapılan toplam 3072 Instagram gönderisinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada ilk olarak veri seti düzenlemesi yapılmış, ticari girişim ve işletmelerin reklam veya tanıtımlarıyla ilgili olduğu belirlenen gönderiler veri setinden çıkarılmıştır. İkinci olarak, deneyimin bireysel bir kazanım olduğu varsayımıyla çalışmanın kapsamı, “ben” dilinin kullanıldığı ifadeler ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Böylece 276 farklı hesaptan gönderilen toplam 461 gönderi betimsel ve tematik içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda hakikat deneyimi, eğlence deneyimi, varoluş deneyimi ve sosyo-kültürel topluluk deneyimi olmak üzere dört farklı tema altında kadın deneyimleri açıklanmıştır. Bulgulardan hareketle kadın gezgin deneyimlerine ilişkin teorik ve pratik çıkarımlar sunulmuştur.Öğe Measuring the impacts of travel influencers on bicycle travellers(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Asan, KubraSocial media influencer is one of the new concepts that emerged with the development of information technologies and new media. The study aims to explain the impacts of travel influencers on their followers in the context of bicycle touring as a sustainable special interest tourism type. For this, mixed methods research was performed by using exploratory design. In the first phase of the research, qualitative research was carried out through in-depth interviews. A scale development study was carried out in light of the themes and codings acquired. In the second phase, a survey was conducted with 915 participants. As a result of the analysis, the 'Travel Influencers' Impacts Scale' emerged, which met the validity and reliability criteria. According to the findings, the impacts of traveller influencers on their followers can be categorized into four categories: 'informative effects, motivating effects, effects as a role model, and communal effects.' The study provides theoretical contributions to understanding travel influencers as tourism actors and to measuring their effects on their followers. Additionally, the study provides some implications for public and private sector representatives to establish cooperation with influencers or use the influencer marketing approach.Öğe Mediating role of perceived festival value in the relationship between experiences and satisfaction(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2020) Asan, Kubra; Kaptangil, Kerem; Kinay, Aysun GargaciPurpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of perceived festival value on the relationship between satisfaction and experiences in the context of a music festival. The study presented herein also examined festival experiences based on the experience economy model. Design/methodology/approach - A face-to-face survey was performed at the rock music festival Kuzey Fest in Sinop/Turkey, where 336 questionnaires were completed. The statistical analyses conducted to establish the relationship between experiences, perceived value and satisfaction comprised explanatory factor analyses and multiple regression analysis. Findings - This study showed that the experience economy in the context of music festivals consists of four experience dimensions. According to the findings, the participants had predominantly entertainment and aesthetics experiences through passive participation. The study concluded that there were partial and full mediating roles of perceived festival value in the relationship between some experience dimensions and satisfaction; however, it was also found that escape experiences did not significantly affect satisfaction. Finally, the aesthetics, education, entertainment and festival value variables were important pioneer variables for satisfaction. Practical implications - This study provides industry practitioners with meaningful insight on how to build rich festival experiences and satisfaction. Originality/value - Perceived value is a critical factor for developing satisfaction and gaining a competitive edge. While much is known about the effect of festival experiences on satisfaction, there is little research examining festival value within the framework of experiences and satisfaction. This research also provides valuable insights for applying the experience economy within the context of events management.Öğe Neo-tribe theory and community experience in tourism and leisure(Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2024) Asan, Kubra[No abstract available]Öğe The effect of event experience on subjective well-being through perceived event benefit in neo-tribes(Elsevier, 2023) Asan, Kubra; Darvishmotevali, Mahlagha; Altinay, Levent; Yolal, MedetUsing the neotribe approach, this study investigates the mediatory effect of group activities' perceived individual and community benefits on the relationship between the experience economy and subjective well-being. In-dividuals who were both participants and residents of the annual event of a local cycling community known as a neotribe were examined. The data gathered through the survey were analysed using SmartPLS structural equation modelling. The study results reveal that educational and aesthetic experiences positively affect perceived community benefits. However, individual benefits are positively affected by educational and escape experiences. It was also observed that community benefits affect subjective well-being through perceived indi-vidual benefits. The study accordingly points out that community benefits would serve the subjective well-being of members in group events to the extent that they create individual benefits. From the practical perspective, it is suggested that the event policymakers should focus on developing all types of experience economy in the events to maximize both individual and community benefits.Öğe The effect of the cyberloafing behaviors of tourism business employees on business motivations and organizational identification(Escola Superior Gestao, Hotelaria & Turismo Univ Algarve, 2021) Kaptangil, Kerem; Asan, Kubra; Kinay, Aysun GargaciWith the development of communication technologies, cyberloafing, which means the use of tools such as telephone, tablet, or Internet for business or individual purposes, has become a subject of debate. From this point of view, the cyberloafing behavior of employees in tourism enterprises was examined. It was aimed to investigate the effects of cyberloafing on business motivations and organizational identification in tourism businesses. For this purpose, field research was conducted on hotel management employees in the cities of Sinop and Samsun in Turkey. The data collected through questionnaires were analyzed by factor analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Modeling (PLS). Findings indicate that cyberloafing has partially and relatively low impact on job motivation and organizational identification. The results of the study contribute to the literature of organizational behavior in the context of cyberloafing, and offer suggestions for hotel managers.Öğe The mediating role of perceived risk in the impact of tourist behavior on liminoid behavior in the covid-19 pandemic(2022) Kaptangil, Kerem; Asan, KubraThe main purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of perceived risk in the impact of tourist behavior on liminoid behavior in the Covid-19 pandemic process and the risk perceived at the level of acting liminoid behaviors. The main research question of the study is to what extent liminoid behaviors are perceived as risky by healthcare professionals in the context of tourist behavior despite the precautions. Participants consist of healthcare professionals working in the health sector in Turkey in 2020. A total of 135 questionnaires were obtained using random sampling with the participation of healthcare professionals working in different hospitals in Turkey. Factor analysis and Partial Least Squares structural modeling (PLS) were applied in the analysis of the collected data. According to the analysis results, perceived risk has a mediating effect between the covid tourist behavior and liminoid behavior in various contexts. As one of the prominent findings, it was concluded that the time risk perceived by the participants mediated the relationship between tourist behavior affected by the pandemic and liminoid behavior. Also the relationship between tourist behavior and the subscales of the risk factor will enable the determination of tourism strategies to be developed for tourist behavior.Öğe The moderator role of COVID-19 risk perception in the impact of festival experience quality on life satisfaction(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Asan, Kubra; Daskin, Mustafa; Kaptangil, KeremPurposeCultural festivals have started to be held face-to-face with masks and distance measures after the gradual lifting of restrictions following the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the risk of COVID-19 transmission continues. This study aimed to test the relationship between participants' experience quality and life satisfaction and the moderator role of the COVID-19 risk perception in this relationship within the scope of the Festival on Wheels (Gezici Festival) as a cultural festival.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected by face-to-face and online survey techniques in Ankara, Sinop and Kastamonu cities in the context of the 26th Festival on Wheels. A total of 130 questionnaires were collected, and structural equation modelling was applied to the data analysis.FindingsAccording to the findings, the experience quality with the dimensions of entertainment and escape has a significant effect on life satisfaction. On the other hand, the perceived risk of COVID-19 does not have a statistically significant effect on this relationship.Originality/valueThe results indicate that experience quality directly affects subjective life satisfaction, while the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on event experiences and outcomes has begun to disappear.Öğe Travel influencers and influencer marketing in tourism(Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2022) Asan, Kubra; Yolal, MedetSocial media influencers, with their characteristics such as credibility, expertise, enthusiasm, connectivity, or centrality, easily influence numerous people and create content. The advantages provided by influencers have brought out the concept of influencer marketing. Influencer marketing is an approach that identifies and targets influencers in a market. In the case of tourism, it is observed that travelers who share their travels on social media have a number of followers. These travelers create content that provides information and images about destinations, routes, tour packages, events, and the services provided by tourism businesses. In this regard, travel influencers can be seen as marketing partners in tourism. This chapter aims to explain travel influencers and influencer marketing in tourism. The chapter starts with explanations about the concepts of influencers and influencer marketing. Further, the chapter aims to shed light on influencer marketing and its application in tourism. The chapter also provides a case study of travel influencers in cycling tourism as a niche tourism type. © Dogan Gursoy and Rahul Pratap Singh Kaurav 2022.Öğe Understanding cycling neo-tribes: a non-western context(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Asan, Kubra; Yolal, Medet; Chi, Christina G.This study employed ethnographical methodology to delineate issues related to cycling communities in a non-western context through the theoretical lens of neo-tribe. In-depth interviews and participatory observations were conducted in two cycling communities in Turkey, an emerging pro-cycling country. As a result of thematic analysis, the characteristics of the studied communities are explained under the following themes: states of emotional being, symbols and rituals, ethic codes, identities, and lifestyle. The findings revealed that the studied communities have tribal characteristics similar to the Western cycling cases, such as friendship, belonging, and collective enthusiasm. Meanwhile, differences of the communities from the Western cases were identified, such as more intense emotionality and stronger need for physical security and safe space. Implications for businesses and professionals that promote cycling for leisure, recreation and tourism purposes in Turkey were drawn based on the findings.
