Makale Koleksiyonu
Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI
Güncel Gönderiler
Öğe Toxic Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Serum Proteins and Tissue Histopathology in Transcaucasian Barb, Capoeta capoeta (GULDENSTTEADT 1773).(Caucasian Journal of Science, 2014) Yılmaz, Muhitdin; Vural, Seda; Koç, Evren; Ersan, YusufIn this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3 + CaMg (CO3)2) on Capoeta capoeta (Guldensteadt, 1773) were studied with electrophoretic and histopathological methods. The fish caught from Kars Creek (TURKEY) were put into 300 liters tanks and they were enabled to adapt to the medium for 10 days. Then they were divided into 3 groups. The fish in the 1st group were held in normal water, 2nd and 3rd groups were held in the water containing 15 mg/L and 30 mg/L nitrogen fertilizer respectively for 15 days. At the end of this period, blood and tissue samples were taken from the fish for electrophoresis and histopathological examination. Serum samples obtained were carried out in Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Tissue samples were fixed in %10 formaldehyde solution, and paraffin blocks were prepared by routine histological methods and section 3-5 ? thickness were performed and all of the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin method and investigated under light microscope. In SDS-PAGE of serum proteins, new protein expression as well as thinning and thickness in various protein bands of fish applied nitrogen fertilizer were observed. In histopathological examination, increasing levels of degeneration, necrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration were observed in the tissues of the liver, intestine, gill and kidney tissues of experimental fish groups in proportion with the increasing of dose. It is concluded that contamination of nitrogen fertilizer in aquatic environments can have harmful effects on fish.Öğe Capoeta capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1772)’nın Bazı Doku Histopatolojisi Üzerine Civa (II) Klorür’ün Toksik Etkileri(Kaf. Üniv. Fen Bil. Enst. Derg, 2010) Erdoğan, Bilgehan; Yılmaz, Muhitdin; Ersan, Yusuf; Koç, EvrenIn this study, effects of Mercury (II) cloride on liver, gill and intestine tissues were investigated by histopathological methods. Fish caught from the Kars Creek were placed in 500 liter tanks. The fish were adapted to the medium for 15 days. Then, the fish were divided into 3 groups; I. group was control group and hold in tap water. Fish in II and III groups were hold in water containing 0.05 mg/l HgCl2 At the end of this period, intestine and gill tissue samples were fixed in % 10 formaldehyde solution. Then, for histopathological studies, paraffin blocks were prepared fom fish livers and slices of 4-5 µm thickness were cut. All the slices were stained with heamatoxyleneosin. Then, all the slices were investigated under a light microscope. Light microscope investigations revealed that dejenerations and necrosis in liver, intestine, and gill of fish exposure to HgCl2.Öğe An Electrophoretic Taxonomic Study on Sarcoplasmic Proteins of Some Balithorid and Cobitid Fishes Habitated in Kars Stream, Turkey(Kafkas Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi,, 2008) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Ildes, Erhan; Alaş, Ali; Koç, EvrenIn this study, sarcoplasmic proteins of Orthrias tigris, Orthrias angorae bureschi, Orthrias panthera and Cobitis taenia were analyzed by Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In the electrophoregram, 13 sarcoplasmic protein bands were obtained from Orthrias angorae bureschi and Orthrias panthera. Nevertheless, 5 protein bands of these fishes were mutually calculated and similarity coefficient (SC) was found as 0.384. Sarcoplasmic protein bands of Orthrias tigris and Cobitis taenia were 8 and 12, respectively. 2 sarcoplasmic protein bands of Orthrias tigris and Cobitis taenia were found to be similar and similarity coefficient (SC) was 0.166. However, 2 sarcoplasmic protein bands of Cobitis taenia and Orthrias angorae bureschi were similar and similarity coefficient (SC) was found as 0.153. All the sarcoplasmic protein bands of Cobitis taenia and Orthrias panthera were observed to be different. On the other hand, 1 sarcoplasmic protein band of Orthrias angorae bureschi and Orthrias tigris was found to be similar and similarity coefficient (SC) was found as 0.076. 3 sarcoplasmic protein bands of Orthrias tigris and Orthrias panthera were found to be similar and similarity coefficient (SC) was found as 0.230. Similarities and differences of Orthrias tigris, Orthrias angorae bureschi, Orthrias panthera and Cobitis taenia which highly resemble each other morphologically in term of sarcoplasmic protein bands were electrophoretically found out. According to the results of scientific researches, it was found out that taxonomic studies, which were obtained by benefitting from morphological characteristic of Orthrias tigris, Orthrias angorae bureschi, Orthrias panthera and Cobitis taenia, were right.Öğe Karakaya Baraj Gölü Bazı Balıklarının Kan Serum Proteinlerinin Elektroforetik Modelleri Üzerine Taksonomik Bir Çalışma(Selçuk Üniv. Vet. Bil. Derg, 2000) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Türköz, Yusuf; Erdemli, A. Ümit; Kalkan, Ercan; Çiğremiş, YılmazIn Ihis study, an electrophoretic comparison 01 serum blood proteins of two species 01 fish, Cspoeta trulla and Capoels capoeta umbls, were carried out. Study was carried between june and october in 1997. Using the Ran· dom Sampling Method, 92 C. capos's umbla and 86 C. trutta which the same age and sex were used. The iden· dification of species and subspecies were done though their metric and meristic characteristics. While 16 band pat· tern was observed in C. trutta, the number 01 protein bands for C. capoeta umbla was 11 . From the electrophorelic mobility 8 bands of species gave similar pattern, but the rest was seen to be different. As a result, we concluded that, there is a %50 similarity between C. trulta and C. capoeta umbla based on their serum blood proteins.Öğe Tekstil Fabrikası Atığının Cyprinion macrostomus, Karaciğer, Böbrek ve Kan Dokusuna Olan Biyokimyasal, Histopatolojik ve Genotoksik Etkisi(Sakarya Üniv. Fen Bil. Derg., 2003) Çiğremiş, Yılmaz; Gaffaroğlu, Muhammet; Erdoğan, Kenan; Türköz, Yusuf; Yüksel, Eşref; Yılmaz, Muhittin; Yılmaz, H. RamazanBu araştırmada; 3 yaşındaki Cyprinion macrostomus' lar 10 ve 35 gün boyunca o/o2,5' lik tekstil fabrikası atığı içinde yaşatıldılar. Sonuçta; 35 günlük grupta karaciğer ve böbrek glutatyon (GSH) konsantrasyonları kontrole göre anlamlı şekilde azalırken 35 günliik grubun karaciğer ve böbrek malondialdehit (MDA) konsantrasyonlan kontrole göre anlamlı şekilde artmıştı. 35 günlük grubun karaciğer dokusunda vakuolcr dejcnerasyon şeldinde nekrozların oluşması gibi histopatolojik değişimler gözlendi. Mikronukleus sayısında anlamlı bir artış aynı grupta da gözlendi.Öğe Tebukonazol (Fungisit) Uygulanan Cyprinus carpio (L. 1758)’da Serum Total Antioksidan, Oksidan ve Sialik Asit Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi.(Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 2014) Kaya, İnan; Yılmaz, Muhitdin; Koç, Evren; Deveci, Haci Ahmet; Ersan, Yusuf; Karapehlivan, MustafaBu çalışmada, bir fungusit olarak kullanılan tebukonazol’ün Cyprinus carpio (L., 1758)’da se-rum total antioksidan (TAS), oksidan (TOS) ve sialik asit (TSA) düzeyleri üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Balıkların 15 gün süre ile laboratuar ortamına adaptasyonları sağlan-dıktan sonra, her grupta 6 adet balık bulunan 3 grup oluşturuldu. Grup I’de bulunan balıklar normal su ortamında, grup II ve III ise sırasıyla 2 ve 3 mg/L tebukonazol eklenen tanklarda 14 gün süre ile bekletildi. Balıklardan kan örnekleri alındı ve serumları ayrıldı. Daha sonra, TAS, TOS ve TSA düzeyleri analiz edildi. Serum TAS düzeylerinin kontrol grubuna kıyasla tebuko-nazol uygulanan gruplarda azalırken, TOS ve TSA bakımından artışlar olduğu saptandı. Sonuç olarak, tebukonazol uygulamalarının Cyprinus carpio’nun serum TAS, TOS ve TSA düzeyleri üzerinde önemli değişiklikler meydana getirdiği tespit edildi.Öğe Hekzavalent Kromun Capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1773) ve Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) Üzerine Olan Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Elektroforetik Yöntemlerle Saptanması(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2013) Koç, Evren; Yılmaz, Muhitdin; Ersan, Yusuf; Alaş, AliÇalışmada, Kars Çayı’ndan yakalanan Siraz balığı (Capoeta capoeta) ve Tatlısu kefali (Squalius cephalus) üzerine hekzavalent kromun (CrVI) (potasyum dikromat olarak) etkileri histopatolojik ve elektroforetik yöntemlerle incelendi. Balıklar çeşme suyunda 10 gün süreyle bekletilerek ortama adaptasyonları sağlandı. Daha sonra, her bir balık türü için her grupta 10’ar adet olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. I. gruptaki (kontrol) balıklar çeşme suyu içeren tankta, II. gruptaki balıklar 10 gün süreyle, III. gruptaki balıklar ise 20 gün süreyle 10 mg/L dozunda CrVI içeren tanklarda bekletildi. Bu süre sonunda, balıklardan kan ve doku örnekleri alındı, daha sonra analizler yapıldı. Histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda CrVI’a maruz kalan Capoeta capoeta ve Squalius cephalus’ların karaciğer dokularında fokal nekroz alanları, hidropik ve vakuolar dejenerasyonlar tespit edildi. Bu dejenerasyonların şiddetinin hekzavalent kroma maruz kalma süresiyle artış gösterdiği gözlemlendi. Serum proteinlerinin SDS-PAGE’inde ise 10 gün süreyle CrVI uygulamasına bağlı olarak Capoeta capoeta’nın bazı protein bantlarında hafif kalınlaşma olduğu, Squalius cephalus’un protein bantlarında ise belirgin bir değişikliğin şekillenmediği saptandı. Hekzavalent kromun 20 gün süreyle uygulandığı Capoeta capoeta’nın birçok protein bantlarında incelmede, bazı protein bantlarında ise belirgin derecede kalınlaşmalar gözlendi. Squalius cephalus’da ise bazı protein bantlarında hafif derecede kalınlaşma meydana geldiği tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; potasyum dikromat uygulamasının zamana bağlı olarak artan derecelerde Capoeta capoeta ve Squalius cephalus karaciğer dokularında ve protein ekspresyonlarında bozulmalara neden olduğu sonucuna varıldı.Öğe Toxic Effects of Cadmium Sulphate on Tissue Histopathology and Serum Protein Expression in European chub, Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758).(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2011) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Ersan, Yusuf; Koç, Evren; Özen, Hasan; Karaman, MustafaEff ects of high water cadmium sulphate hydrate (3CdSO4 * 8H2O) (CdSO4) levels on the expression of serum proteins and tissue histopathology of the European chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was investigated. Three groups of fish (control, 1st, and 2nd), each containing 10 animals, were placed in separate tanks containing no, 1 mg/L, and 2 mg/L CdSO4, respectively, for 10 days. At the end of the study period, blood samples were taken and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed. Fish tissue samples were taken then routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe histopathological changes. Depending on the increasing concentration of CdSO4, a gradual decrease in protein bands was determined. Inhibition of 35.3 kilodalton (kD) and 100.5 kD proteins in the 1st group and of 44.5 kD and 47.3 kD proteins in the 2nd group was detected. Microscopic examination revealed degeneration in the secondary lamellar epithelia, hydropic degeneration and necrosis in chloride cells of the fish gill in CdSO4 given groups. Hydropic degeneration and necrosis were also observed in light to severe levels in the liver depending on the groups. It was concluded that CdSO4 has toxic eff ects on the expression of serum proteins and causes degenerative changes on gill and liver morphology in Leuciscus cephalus.Öğe Effects of Zinc Sulphate on Transcaucasian Barb, (Capoeta capoeta [Guldenstaedt, 1773]) Plasma Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde and Total Sialic Acid Levels(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2012) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Karapehlivan, Mahmut; Kaya, İnanThe aim of this study was to investigate plasma total sialic acid (TSA), nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in response to different doses of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) in Capoeta capoeta. The fishes were kept in tanks for 15 days for adaptation. Three groups of fish (control, 1st, and 2nd), each containing 9 fishes, were placed in separate tanks containing no, 5 and 10 mg/L ZnSO4, respectively for 10 days. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken, and plasma TSA, NO and MDA levels were analyzed. An increase in plasma TSA and MDA levels were found along with increasing ZnSO4 amounts, and a decrease in NO levels was observed. In conclusion, it was determined that levels of TSA, MDA and NO were altered depending on ZnSO4 doses applied in C. capoeta.Öğe Toxic Effects of Cobalt II Chloride on Some Tissue Histopathology and Serum Proteins in Capoeta capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1772)(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2010) Bayram, Yasemin; Yılmaz, Muhitdin; Ersan, Yusuf; Koç, Evren; Baysal, ArifIn this study, the effects of Cobalt (II) chloride (CoCI2) on Capoeta capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1772) were investigated by electrophoretic and histopathological methods. The fish from Kars Creek were placed in 500 liters tanks and they made to adapt into the medium for 15 days. Later, they were divided into 3 groups. The fish in the 1st group were held in normal water, 2nd and 3rd groups were held in the water containing 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L CoCl2, respectively for 10 days. At the end of this period, blood and tissue samples were taken from the fish for electrophoresis and histopathological examinations. Serum samples obtained were run in Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Tissue samples were fixed in %10 formaldehyde solution. Paraffin blocks were prepared by routine histological methods and slices 4-5 ? thickness were performed. The slices obtained were dyed with hematoxylen and eosin dying method and examined under light microscope. Thinnings in various protein types were observed in experimental groups in comparison to the control group in the electrophoregram. These thinnings were more in the group that 1 mg/L CoCl2 applied. In addition, formation of a 32.4 kD new protein band was observed in the group that 1 mg/L was applied; and 33.3 kD, 30.6 kD, and 28.2 kD new protein bands were observed in the group that 2 mg/L CoCl2 applied. In histopathological evaluations, an increase in the level of degeneration was observed in the livers and intestines tissues of the experimental fish groups in parallel to the increase of the dose. Due to the changes both in the serum protein expressions and in the tissues, we conclude that Cobalt can be dangerous at higher concentrations.Öğe Feeding Habits of Tench (Tinca tinca L., 1758) in Beyşehir Lake (TURKEY)(Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2010) Alaş, Ali; Altındağ, Ali; Yılmaz, Muhittin; Kırpık, M. Ali; Ak, AkifIn this study, alimentary canal contents of 188 tench (Tinca tinca L., 1758) caught from Beyşehir Lake (Turkey) between April 2004 and March 2005 were examined for feeding habits. Phytoplanktonic and zoooplanktonic organisms, insects, detritus (animal and vegetable) and two most common parasites of tench, Ligula intestinalis and Asymphylodora tincae were determined in observed in the alimentary canal of fish. There was a significant difference between the frequency of the existance of Chlorella, Coscinidiscus, Fragilaria, Mougetia, Phytoconis, Pinnularia, Rivularia, Synedra, Ulotrix, Brachionus, Gammarus sp., and Ligula intestinalis among seasons (df=3, P<0.05). Only 6 of these genera (Chaetophora, Coscinidiscus, Phytoconis, Surirella, Synedra, Daphnia) had a significant difference among age classes (df=5, P<0.05). Additionally, it was found that only 5 of the 188 tench (2.66%) were observed to have almost empty alimentary canal. Algae and macrophytes were found to be the most considerable food types in the present study, which is followed by zooplankton and insect larvae.Öğe Karyotype of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck and Schlegel 1846) (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in Kızılırmak River, Turkey(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2009) Gaffaroğlu, Muhammet; Yılmaz, Muhittin; Yılmaz, MahmutKaryotype of Pseudorasbora parva in the Kızılırmak River, Turkey, was investigated by kidney tissue. Diploid chromosome number was 2n=50. The karyotype consisted of 7 pairs of metacentric, 10 pairs of submetacentric and 8 pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes, and the fundamental number (NF) was 100. No heteromorphic sex chromosomes were found.Öğe Gnathia sp. (Gnathiidae) Infestations on Marine Fish Species from Turkey(Kafkas Univ. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2009) Alaş, Ali; Öktener, Ahmet; Yılmaz, MuhittinThis study was carried out between June and August 2006. Totally 150 samples out of ten different fish species caught from the Marmara Sea, the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea were examined. For this purpose, body surface, fins, gills and mouth cavity of each fish were examined with the aid of a dissecting microscope. After that, ectoparasite samples were preserved in 70% ethanol to be observed under the dissecting microscope for identification. Gnathia sp. was found out in the mouth cavity and gill flaments of these infected fishes. This is the first study reporting Gnathia sp. from Serranus cabrilla; Mullus surmuletus; Mugil cephalus; Trachurus mediterraneus; Sarpa salpa; Sciaena umbra.Öğe Biometry of the Fishes Barbus plebejus and Barbus capito from Çoruh Basin, Turkey(International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation / Revista de Biologia Tropical, 2009) Solak, Kemal; Alas, Ali; Yılmaz, Muhittin; Öktener, AhmetMetric and meristic characters are important to identify fish species and their habitat peculiarities. There are many species that belong to the fish genus Barbus, which is found in tropical and extratropical regions, but there are few studies covering the Coruh basin. Two subspecies of Barbus were found in the Coruh River system of Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: Barbus plebejus escherichi and Barbus capito capito. We collected specimens in seven localities for measurement. The number of vertebra were determined radiographically. Some specimens of B. capito capito have a sharper snout in the segments of Coruh where the water flows faster, suggesting a modification related to current. The biometric measurements vary geographically and could be related to abiotic and biotic factors in the habitat.Öğe An Electrophoretic Taxonomic Study on Serum Proteins of Acanthobrama marmid, Leuciscus cephalus, and Chondrostoma regium(EurAsian Journal of BioSciences, 2007) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Yılmaz, H. Ramazan; Alas, AliIn this study, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were applied to the serum proteins of Leuciscus cephalus, Acanthobrama marmid and Chondrostoma regium (Cyprinidae) fish taken from) the Karakaya Dam (Malatya, Turkey). The electrophoregrams showed that there were similarities and differences in the molecular weight (MW) of the serum proteins among the three species. In the Native-PAGE, the total number of serum protein bands of L. cephalus, A. marmid and C. regium were 5, 8, 7, respectively. In the SDS-PAGE, 13 protein bands were obtained in L. cephalus, 11 in A. marmid and 11 in C. regium. In the electrophoregrams obtained from native-PAGE, the MW of the protein bands were found to be different in the fish species except the 80.3 kD protein band which was detected in the three fish species. In the SDS-PAGE, the protein band of 21.7 kD was observed in the three fish species. Protein bands of 63.4, 52.3 and 49.5 kD were present only in L. cephalus and C. regium. On the other hand, it was seen that other protein bands had similar molecular weights.Öğe An Electrophoretic Taxonomic Study on The Hemoglobins of Cyprinid Fish(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2007) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Erdemli, A. Ümit[Abstract Not Available]Öğe A Taxonomic Study on Orthrias insignis euphraticus (Banarescu and Nalbant, 1964) ve Cyprinion macrostomus (Heckel, 1843) by Sarcoplasmic Protein Electrophoresis(Gazi Univ. Journal of Science, 2005) Yılmaz, Muhittin; Çiğremiş, Yılmaz; Türköz, Yusuf; Gaffaroğlu, MuhammetIn this study, SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was applied to the sarcoplasmic proteins of Orthrias insignis euphyraticus (BALITORIDAE) and Cyprinion macrostomus (CYPRINIDAE) fish taken from Karakaya Dam Lake. The electrophoregram showed that there were differences between the two species in both the number of bands and the molecular weight (MW) of the sarcoplasmic proteins. While Cyprinion macrostomus had 18 protein bands, there were 20 protein bands in Orthrias insignis euphyraticus. On the other hand, the bands obtained from Orthrias insignis euphyraticus and numbered as 9th protein band with molecular weight of 29.5 kD and 12th band with MW of 27.2 kD were not found in Cyprinion macrostomus. 9th protein band with MW of 27.5 kD was only found in Cyprinion macrostomus. We concluded that comparisons of sarcoplasmic proteins might have practical importance in taxonomic classification.Öğe Some Biological Properties of Leuciscus cephalus (L., 1758) Population Living in Karakaya Dam Lake at Malatya, Turkey(Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2005) Kalkan, Ercan; Yılmaz, Muhittin; Erdemli, A. ÜmitThe sex distribution, growth in length and weight, growth rates and condition factors of Chub (Leuciscus cephalus (L., 1758)) in Karakaya dam lake were examined. Females made up 63.64% and males 36.37% (1.75:1) of 527 samples. The females and males were in the I-VI and I-V age groups, respectively. The reproductive properties of L. cephalus such as spawning period, age at attainment of maturity, egg diameter and ovarium weight were investigated. StudentÕs t test showed that differences in length and weight between females and males of the same age groups were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). The growth, both in length and weight, was calculated according to the von Bertalanffy equation for females and males respectively: Lt = 37.8 [1-e-0.4125(t-(-1.0013))], Wt = 775.3 [1-e-0.4125(t-(-1.0013))]3.0272 and Lt = 35.45 [1-e-0.6062(t-(-0.1883))], Wt = 590.5 [1-e-0.6062(t-(-0.1883))]2.4878. The calculated length-weight relation for females was W = 0.013 L 3.0272 and for males W = 0.0824 L2.4878. The average condition factor was 1.42 ± 0.05 for females and 1.43 ± 0.25 for males. According to gonado-somatic index (IG) results and the development of egg diameter, it was determined that the spawning period of L. cephalus occurs in May and June. Sexual maturity was attained in the third year. The mean diameter of ripe eggs was 1.06 mm and the mean number of eggs per gram of gonads was 1265.
