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Öğe Effect of Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy on Hematological Parameters in Transmen: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study(Aves, 2023) Elbasan, Onur; Ustay, OzlemObjective: Testosterone is the primary cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) for the female-to-male (transmen) transition. However, there is a growing concern about the safety and long-term results of CSHT, including erythrocytosis and inflammation. We aimed to investigate the effects of testosterone therapy on hematological parameters and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in transmen with a 1-year follow-up. Methods: This was a single-center prospective study in 45 hormone-naive transmen and 28 age-and body mass index (BMI)-matched ciswomen. Ciswomen were compared with hormone-naive transmen. Testosterone ester preparation (250 mg) was prescribed to all transmen every 21 days. The transmen were evaluated before treatment and 6 and 12 months following CSHT. Sex steroids, complete blood counts, and hsCRP were analyzed. Results: At initial assessment before CSHT, the transmen had higher total testosterone (P = .002), white blood cell count (P = .013), and neutrophil count (P = .015) than the ciswomen. The exogenous testosterone administration to transmen was associated with a significant increase in hematocrit (P < .001) and hsCRP (P = .002) at 12 months. Conclusion: Testosterone administration to transmen was associated with a significant increase in hematocrit and hsCRP at 12 months. These parameters should be regularly monitored in line with current guidelines.Öğe Endocrine-disrupting effects of bisphenol-A, thiamethoxam, and fipronil in hormone-naïve transmen compared to cis-women(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Ustay, Ozlem; Elbasan, Onur; Erel, Pinar; Bulut, Necati Serkut; Yorguner, NeseBackgroundCurrent evidence suggests that the etiology of gender dysphoria (GD) is multifactorial: this, however, remains unclear. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are one of the etiological hypotheses.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the urinary levels of bisphenol A (BPA), thiamethoxam, and fipronil in hormone-na & iuml;ve transmen compared with case-matched cis-women as well as the relation between sex hormone levels and EDCs.MethodsDrug-na & iuml;ve transmen diagnosed with GD and who were referred from the psychiatry outpatient clinic to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Endocrinology, Marmara University Hospital, were included in the study. These individuals were assessed for eligibility; 38 drug-na & iuml;ve transmen and 22 cis-women were recruited as the control group. After anthropometric evaluation laboratory tests for FSH, LH, total testosterone, and estradiol were carried out, spot urine samples were collected to evaluate the urine metabolic excretion of BPA, thiamethoxam, and fipronil.ResultsWe found that androgens, total testosterone, androstenedione, and DHEAS levels were significantly higher in transmen than in cis-women. Thiamethoxam was considerably higher in cis-women than in transmen, whereas fipronil and BPA levels were similar in both groups. A negative correlation was found between thiamethoxam and testosterone and between thiamethoxam and BPA levels.ConclusionThe available data suggest that the EDCs that we are most exposed to in our lives are not the only factor in GD development. Even transmen who have not taken hormone replacement have high testosterone levels; however, the mechanism has not as yet been elucidated. The challenge is to determine whether this is a factor leading to GD or a condition that develops in common with GD.