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    A COMPARATIVE STUDY ABOUT PRODUCTION OF VANADIUM CARBIDE VIA SELF PROPAGATING HIGH TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS AND REDUCTION
    (Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Inst Metall & Mater Sci Pas, 2024) Bugdayci, Mehmet; Oncel, Levent; Alkan, Murat; Turan, Ahmet; Cinarli, Umay
    Vanadium carbide is important for industrial applications because of its high hardness, high temperature resistance, high chemical, and thermal stability. It is generally obtained from the reaction between V and C powders at a high temperature ranging from 1100 to 1500 degrees C. Investigations on these high strength, high abrasion resistant, hard materials have been intensified in recent years and consequently, significant improvements have been achieved. In this study, VC alloys are produced with low cost processes, by reducing the oxides of their components by SHS methods and ball mill-assisted carbothermal reduction. In the experimental stage, V2O5 was used as oxidized Vanadium source, Cblack as carbon source, magnesium and Cblack as reductant. In the study, VC powders were synthesized by two different methods and optimum production conditions were determined. Furthermore, the effect of different stoichiometric charge components and the effect of experiment durations were realized by X-ray diffraction, HSC Chemistry, and SEM analyses for different reductants.
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    Al2O3 Recovery From Waste Tetra Pak Packages
    (Erciyes Üniversitesi, 2023) Bugdayci, Mehmet; Turan, Ahmet; Öncel, Levent; Bayiroglu, Fatih
    In this study, it was aimed to obtain Al2O3 from waste Tetra Pak packages by using the hydrometallurgical method. Tetra Pak recycling has become an increasingly researched topic around the world. Cellulose, polyethylene and aluminum, which form the structure of Tetra Pak packages, are raw materials that can be reused after recycling. Cellulose was separated from Tetra Pak's structure by hydropulping process and polyethylene was separated from Tetra Pak's structure by leaching with HCl, and optimum parameters of these processes were investigated in experimental studies. Aluminum in the structure was dissolved in acid solution with 100% efficiency in the experiments carried out with 0.1750 M and 0.1312 M acid concentration. Aluminum, which was dissolved in acid solution, was obtained as the AlCl3 phase and precipitated as Al(OH)3 with the addition of 100% stoichiometric NaOH, and the precipitates were calcined at 950 °C for 1 hour to obtain the Al2O3 structure. The materials used in the experimental studies and the products obtained as a result of these experiments were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and optical microscopy techniques.
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    Thermodynamic modeling and production of FeCo alloy from mill scale through metallothermic reduction
    (Elsevier - Division Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, 2020) Bugdayci, Mehmet; Deniz, Gul; Ziyreker, Ceren; Turan, Ahmet; Oncel, Levent
    Mill scale is a waste material arises during the continuous casting of steel. It contains approximately 70% iron by mass. Mill scale is used as an iron source in many applications to reduce costs. In this study, it was aimed to produce FeCo alloy through the metallothermic reduction of mill scale and Co3O4. The metallothermic reduction was chosen because of its advantages such as minimum energy need, short process time and no need for high-tech equipment. The system was thermochemically simulated with FactSage and HSC software. In the experimental studies, the effects of the use of aluminium, as a reductant, in different stoichiometries on total metal recovery yield were investigated. The effects of aluminium stoichiometry on hardness and microstructure were also investigated. As a result of the experimental studies, it was seen that highest metal recovery yields were obtained as 81.25% for iron and 93.78% for cobalt with the mixture including 105% stoichiometric aluminium. (c) 2020 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).