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    Histological Evaluation of the Protective Role of ß-glucan Against Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity
    (Karamanoglu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi, 2024) Yilmaz, Burcu Demirel; Eren, Banu; Sagir, Dilek; Basardi, Ayse; Mercan, Sevcan
    Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of many cancers. The most important dose-limiting side effect is hepatotoxicity. Some studies have shown that antioxidant treatment with cisplatin reduces the toxic effect. In the present study, we were aimed to investigate the protective effects of antioxidant ß-glucan on histological injury caused by cisplatin treatment in the liver. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups according to time of sacrifice, 7th day and 14th day (n=20 rats each). Both groups were then divided into four sub-groups Control, Cisplatin (10 mg/kg bw), ß-glucan (100 mg/kg bw) and cisplatin+ß-glucan (n=5 in each group). The rats were sacrificed at the 7th day and 14th day after the last injection. The liver sections were evaluated under a light microscope after the histological procedure. Histological injury caused by cisplatin in different days were evaluated as as sinusoidal congestion, hydropic degeneration, disorganization of hepatic cords, and mononuclear cellular infiltration in liver. When ß-glucan was administered with cisplatin, it was determined that cellular damage caused by cisplatin decreased considerably in the liver in the different days groups. The light microscopic examination showed that the antioxidant beta-glucan protects against hepatotoxicity caused by cisplatin with its free radical scavenging effect. In conclusion, ß-glucan may improve patients' quality of life by reducing cisplatin's toxicity on the liver.
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    THE COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF ACRIDA ANATOLICA AND PARAPHOLIDOPTERA SPINULOSA (ORTHOPTERA)
    (Mümin POLAT, 2019) Eren, Banu; Basar, Fatih; Sagir, Dilek; Yilmaz, Burcu Demirel; Mercan, Sevcan; Eren, Zafer
    Acrida anatolica and Parapholidopteraspinulosa are two different species of migratory caterpiller in the samefamily and both are threats to agriculture. They areharmful, they migrate andspread wide areas. Herbivorous Acridaanatolicahas strong chewy mouth part, mandibula is considered to be thebasic insect mouth type. Parapholidopteraspinulosa a carnivorous species, has a strong chewing gut. The purpose ofthis study is to compare the structures of the digestive tracts of these species.The digestive tract is divided into three parts, the foregut, midgut, and thehindgut. The prismatic epithelium, external circular and longitudinal muscles,connective tissue, granular structures and peritrophic membrane are the partsof the foregut. The caeceum is also found in this portion.The grasshoppers werecollected from the Ondokuz Mayis University Campus and kept in special containersand fed with wheat grass, fresh grass and with different insects. During thedissection process, the digestive tracts were removed and tissues were fixedwith 10% buffered neutral formalin solution for 24 hours. After routinehistological procedures, the sections were stained withhematoxylin-eosin (H-E).Foregut, midgut and hindgut were comparatively examined in terms of peritrophicmembrane, epithelial tissue, cell size, nucleus size, circular and longitudinalmuscles, connective tissue, regenerative cells and cellular diversity.            The knowledge of grasshopper histology and embryologywill contribute to the development of more efficient fighting with grasshoppersand the development of agricultural plant protection products.