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    Crystalline salt synthesis from p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine, single crystal XRD study along with computational investigation
    (Elsevier, 2025) Kurbanova, Malahat; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Ahsin, Atazaz; Sahin, Onur; Sayida, Shoubova; Maharramov, Abel; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz
    The condensation reaction of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde with o-phenylenediamine under the gaze of CCl3COOH results in the synthesis of 2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)- 1H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium chloride (DBIC) crystalline salt. The X-ray diffraction method confirms that DBIC is crystallized in monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/n and chemical formula 2(C15H16N3)+0 & sdot;2(Cl)-& sdot;H2O. XRD showed that DBIC is a salt with asymmetric unit composed of two cations, two anions and a water molecule. Difference between the orientation of two cations concerning each other is explored by molecular overlay plot. N-H & ctdot;O, N-H & ctdot;Cl, OH & ctdot;Cl, C-H & ctdot;Cl, C-H & ctdot;pi, pi & ctdot;pi intermolecular interactions stabilize the solid-state assembly which are explored via Hirshfeld surface analysis. The H & ctdot;H and H & ctdot;Cl are the most dominating elemental contacts within the crystal structure. DFT study reveals the superb electronic structures and reactivity of DBIC. The presence of noncovalent interactions between Cl-atom and H-atoms of cationic moiety can impart excellent NLO features in our complex. The molecular electrostatic potential and electron localizing function predicts the surface reactivity and bonding electrons in complex. The optical and nonlinear optical properties were anticipated through hyperpolarizability response.