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Öğe A new hybrid neural network classifier based on adaptive neuron and multiplicative neuron(Springer, 2023) Kolay, Erdinc; Tunc, TanerNeural network (NN) classifiers are very popular tools for solving classification tasks. Mostly known NN classifier is a multilayer perceptron (MLP). Although MLP has a good correct classification ratio, its structure could be very complex and network training may work for a long time. Pi-sigma NN (PSNN) is higher-order NN (HONN), which used higher-order correlations among the input components to establish a HONN, and the PSNN utilizes the product of neurons as the output units. By contrast with MLP and PSNN, single multiplicative neuron (SMN) is simple concerning its structure and mathematical model. The absence of the hidden layer(s) could be an advantage for easy implementation, and the mathematical model can be easily interpreted. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid NN classifier based on simple adaptive neurons and SMN which form the SMN as a whole, where input units are constituted by adaptive neurons. In contrast with conventional NN, our proposed classifier can use fewer learning parameters. To train this network, we use a modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm. For the investigation of the generalization capability of the proposed classifier, we compare this method to other NN classifiers: MLP and PSNN together with other classification procedure classifiers.Öğe Dynamics of Mixed Dark Energy Domination in Teleparallel Gravity and Phase-Space Analysis(Hindawi Ltd, 2015) Dil, Emre; Kolay, ErdincWe consider a novel dark energy model to investigate whether it will provide an expanding universe phase. Here we propose a mixed dark energy domination which is constituted by tachyon, quintessence, and phantom scalar fields nonminimally coupled to gravity, in the absence of background dark matter and baryonic matter, in the framework of teleparallel gravity. We perform the phase-space analysis of the model by numerical methods and find the late-time accelerated attractor solutions implying the acceleration phase of universe.Öğe Efficacy of dry needling in patients with myofascial temporomandibular disorders related to the masseter muscle(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Ozden, Mehmet Cem; Atalay, Berkem; Ozden, Ali Veysel; Cankaya, Abdulkadir; Kolay, Erdinc; Yildirim, SamiObjective This randomized, single-center clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of superficial dry needling (SDN) and deep dry needling (DDN) in patients with myofascial temporomandibular disorder (MTMD) related to the masseter muscle.Methods: Forty patients showing MTMD with trigger points in the masseter muscle were randomly assigned to groups. Dry needling of the masseter muscle was performed once per week for three weeks. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) measurements, visual analog scale scores, and maximal jaw opening were assessed.Results: Both patient groups showed significant pain reduction, but the SDN group showed significantly better pain reduction. The PPT measurements obtained in the follow-up examinations at three and six weeks were significantly better than the values in SDN and DDN groups.Discussion: SDN showed better pain-reduction efficacy in patients with MTMD. Further research with a larger size sample and a longer follow-up period will help elucidate the benefits of SDN.Öğe Solution of Deformed Einstein Equations and Quantum Black Holes(Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Dil, Emre; Kolay, ErdincRecently, one-and two-parameter deformed Einstein equations have been studied for extremal quantum black holes which have been proposed to obey deformed statistics by Strominger. In this study, we give a deeper insight into the deformed Einstein equations and consider the solutions of these equations for the extremal quantum black holes. We then represent the implications of the solutions, such that the deformation parameters lead the charged black holes to have a smaller mass than the usual Reissner-Nordstr om black holes. This reduction in mass of a usual black hole can be considered as a transition from classical to quantum black hole regime.Öğe Time-varying q-deformed dark energy interacts with dark matter(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2018) Dil, Emre; Kolay, ErdincWe propose a new model for studying the dark constituents of the universe by regarding the dark energy as a q-deformed scalar field interacting with the dark matter, in the framework of standard general relativity. Here we assume that the number of particles in each mode of the q-deformed scalar field varies in time by the particle creation and annihilation. We first describe the q-deformed scalar field dark energy quantum-field theoretically, then construct the action and the dynamical structure of these interacting dark sectors, in order to study the dynamics of the model. We perform the phase space analysis of the model to confirm and interpret our proposal by searching the stable attractor solutions implying the late-time accelerating phase of the universe. We then obtain the result that when interaction and equation-of-state parameter of the dark matter evolve from the present day values into a particular value, the dark energy turns out to be a q-deformed scalar field.