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    Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against salt and heat stress in safflower cultivars
    (Soc Botanica Brasil, 2024) Dinler, Burcu Seckin; Cetinkaya, Hatice; Koc, Fatma Nur; Gul, Volkan; Sefaoglu, Firat
    This study aimed to determine the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2NP) pretreatment on seeds of different safflower cultivars (Balci, Dincer) under salt and heat stresses. The apparent effects on stress markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical (O2 center dot-) content), as well as changes in germination and physiological parameters (radicle and plumula weight and length measurements), were investigated. TiO2NP pretreatment caused an increase in radicle length and plumula fresh weight for the Balci cultivar under salinity. Furthermore, plumula dry weight was alleviated with TiO2NP pretreatment for both cultivars. TiO2NP pretreatment improved plumula dry and fresh weights for both cultivars under heat stress. In addition, MDA content decreased for both cultivars under heat stress but only for Balci under salt stress. The amount of O2 center dot- radicals positively affected only the radicle for both cultivars under heat stress. This study is the first to document the alleviation of salt stress damage for the Balci safflower cultivar, and protection for both Balci and Dincer cultivars under heat stress, using 200 ppm TiO2NP pretreatment.
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    Pipecolic acid in plants: biosynthesis, signalling, and role under stress
    (Nature Research Centre, 2022) Koc, Fatma Nur; Dinler, Burcu Seckin
    Plants protect themselves by developing defensive responses against various biotic and abiotic stress factors throughout their lives. As a result, they create a stress response called ʻsystemic acquired resistance’ (SAR) under pathogen infection. Pipecolic acid is one of the critical signalling molecules in regulating systemic acquired resistance, and it is a product of L-lysine metabolism in all organisms. It is synthesised not only by plants but also by microorganisms, animals and fungi. Many studies have been carried out to understand pipecolic acid’s biosynthesis, transport and role in plants under biotic stress. But recent studies report that pipecolic acid also functions as a stress response in plants under abiotic stress. This paper reviews the historical development of studies on pipecolic acid, its biosynthesis, and its function in plants under stress conditions and systemic acquired resistance. © 2022, Nature Research Centre. All rights reserved.
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    Treatment with auxin and paclobutrazol mediates ROS regulation, antioxidant defence system and cell wall response in salt treated soybean
    (Soc Botanica Sao Paulo, 2024) Ayvaci, Ufuk; Koc, Fatma Nur; Cetinkaya, Hatice; Dinler, Burcu Seckin
    Auxin (IAA) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) play important role in resisting abiotic stress for plants. However, the effects of combination of these regulators in plants under salinity remained obscure. In the current study, the role of 50 ppm IAA and 10 ppm PBZ on mitigating salt stress (200 and 300 mM NaCl) was investigated in soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Planet). We identified that IAA or PBZ and IAA + PBZ improved the physiological parameters that were damaged by salinity but PBZ performed best as observed by scanning election microscopy (SEM). However, IAA was more succesful to induce some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbat peroxidase, peroxidase), although both of them reduced or did not affect GSH- related enzymes (dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione-s-transfease, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase). Besides this, combination of IAA and PBZ treatment showed the lowest MDA with inhibited salt stress induced oxidative damage. Additionally, PBZ was more effective against as IAA to reduce the pectin methyl esterase (PME) and phenylalanine ammonium lipase (PAL) enzyme activities as well as decreased arabinose content, while they were increased with salinity. IAA or PBZ increased lignin content and led to reduced loosening in roots, while IAA performed best. Overall, this study firstly presents that these regulators (50 ppm IAA; 10 ppm PBZ) could be used together to increase salt tolerance in soybean plants via regulating physiological and biochemical metabolism, antioxidant defense system and cell wall modified parameters.