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    Caffeine Improves Sprint Time in Simulated Freestyle Swimming Competition but Not the Vertical Jump in Female Swimmers
    (Mdpi, 2024) Acar, Kuersat; Mor, Ahmet; Mor, Hakki; Kargin, Zehra; Alexe, Dan Iulian; Abdioglu, Mekki; Karayigit, Raci
    Caffeine (CAF) has been shown to be an effective ergogenic aid in enhancing sports performance, including vertical jump (VJ), sprint, balance, agility, and freestyle swimming performance (FSP). However, whether acute CAF supplementation improves FSP in moderately trained female swimmers has not been well documented. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CAF intake on vertical jump, balance, auditory reaction time (ART), and swimming performance in female swimmers. In a double-blind, cross-over design, eight moderately trained female swimmers (age: 21.3 +/- 1.4 years, height: 161.2 +/- 7.1 cm, body mass: 56.3 +/- 6.7 kg, body mass index (BMI): 21.9 +/- 1.3 kg/m(2), and habitual CAF intake: 246.4 +/- 111.4 mg/day) ingested caffeine (CAF) (6 mg/kg) or a placebo (PLA) 60 min before completing VJ, balance, ART, and 25/50 m FSP. CAF supplementation resulted in a significantly lower time both in 25m (p = 0.032) and 50m (p = 0.033) FSP. However, CAF resulted in no significant difference in VJ, ART, and RPE (p > 0.05). Balance test results showed a non-significant moderate main effect (d = 0.58). In conclusion, CAF seems to reduce time in short-distance swimming performances, which could be the determinant of success considering the total time of the race. Thus, we recommend coaches and practitioners incorporate CAF into swimmers' nutrition plans before competitions, which may meet the high performance demands.
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    Öğe
    Effects of collagen supplementation on the physical, functional, and metabolic parameters in male soccer players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    (Mre Press, 2026) Akgun, Soner; Akdemir, Enes; Anil, Berna; Salkilic, Esra Korkmaz; Kumru, Dilara; Mor, Ahmet; Kargin, Zehra
    Background: Collagen supplementation in athletes has been associated with physical and functional performance. Accordingly, the effects of collagen on various parameters, such as body composition, strength, flexibility, speed, hydration status and heart rate, which are important determinants of performance and endurance, are extensive. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the effects of collagen supplementation on physical, functional, and metabolic parameters in male soccer players. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 13 volunteer male soccer players (placebo = 7 and collagen = 6) aged 19-24 years. Hydration analysis, lactate measurement, heart rate (HR), body composition analysis, 30 m sprint test, vertical jump, anaerobic power test, single leg hop tests (SLHT), sit-and-reach test, isometric mid-thigh pull test, proprioceptive sense evaluation, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS), visual analog scale (VAS), and rating of perceived exertion scale (RPE) results were evaluated before and after 8 weeks of PROFIN (R) type I and type III bovine collagen peptides supplementation. Results: In the collagen group, statistically significant improvement was observed in the RPE score (p = 0.037) and VAS value (p = 0.043) between baseline and final assessments. No specific significance was detected in the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) interactions for the other physical, functional, and metabolic parameters included in the study. Conclusions: 8-week supplementation with PROFIN (R) type I and type III bovine collagen peptides specifically reduced pain perception and perceived training exertion levels in male soccer players, but had no significant effect on various physical, functional, and metabolic parameters. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry on 13 December 2024 with the number IRCT20240411061470N5, https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=IRCT20240411061470N5.