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    Comparison of biological characteristics of the horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L. 1758) which caught of different fishing gears in the Southern Black Sea (Turkey)
    (Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2010) Kalayci, Ferhat; Samsun, Serap; Sahin, Cemalettin; Samsun, Osman; Gozler, Ahmet Mutlu
    Total of 6035 horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus L. 1758, found in the Black Sea, caught by various types of fishing gear, as purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines had been examined during January to December 2003. Length, weight, sex distribution, the ratio of fish under the minimum legal landing size and distribution of juvenile fish and the types of gear used were compared as a part of the study. Mean total lengths of the horse mackerel caught using all these types of fishing gear (purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines) are measured at 12.69, 12.01, 15.35, 13.18 and 14 centimeters, respectively. According to their sex, the minimum mean total length and weight were measured for a purse seine at 13.34 cm and 20 g for females, 13.33 cm and 19.73 g for males. Minimum legal landing size (MLLS) is 13 cm and the ratios of under 13 cm for purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines were measured at 60.79%, 65.04%, 9.66%, 39.14% and 20.42%, respectively. The bottom trawl and purse seine were more capable than other fishing gear in catching juvenile fish.
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    Feeding Regime of Whiting (Gadus merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) In Turkish Middle Black Sea Coast
    (Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2011) Samsun, Serap; Erdem, Yakup; Kalayci, Ferhat
    In this study, stomach contents of 716 whiting were examined caught from the Turkey Middle Black Sea Coast between December 2001 and April 2003. The analyses of feeding regime of whiting were made according to the seasons and age groups. The Frequency of Occurrence, The Numerical Occurrence Windell and Bowen (1978) and Geometric Index of Importance (GII) Assis (1996) methods were used. Analysis of stomach contents showed that whiting feed mainly on the fishes and crustacean, mostly anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) with yearly find frequency as (F%) 23.04. The occurrence of the quantity and type of food items in the stomach was related to their seasonal abundance. It was observed that whiting consumed intensively during spring and summer. Anchovy as primarily prey; whiting, horse mackerel and shrimps as secondary prey; sprats and gobies as thirdly prey; pipefish and isopoda sp. as occasional prey were determined according to geometric index of importance (GII).