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    Comparison of fatty acids and some mineral matter profiles of wild and farmed snails, Cornu aspersum Muller, 1774
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Celik, Meryem Yesim; Duman, Mehmet Bedrettin; Sariipek, Merve; Goren, Gulsen Uzun; Ozturk, Dilara Kaya; Kocatepe, Demet; Karayucel, Sedat
    The fatty acid and mineral matter compositions of the visceral mass and pedal mass of wild and farmed Cornu aspersum were compared. The relative fatty acid amounts of the visceral and pedal masses of wild and farmed snails are: polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) > saturated fatty acid (SFA) > monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), PUFA>SFA>MUFA, MUFA>PUFA>SFA and PUFA>MUFA>SFA, respectively. Wild snails had a higher concentration of iron and zinc than farmed snails. Selenium was 2.82 times higher in the pedal mass of farmed snails than the pedal mass of wild snails. Ca:P ratios in the visceral mass of wild snails, visceral mass and pedal mass of farmed snails were 1.76:1, 1.12:1 and 3.87:1 respectively. Both wild and farmed snails have high contents of oleic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids and are a good source of minerals. Careful attention should be paid, however, as to which diet will be used during farming because the composition of fatty acid in the snail is affected by diet.
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    Comparison of Proximate and Amino Acid Composition between Farmed and Wild Land Snails (Cornu aspersum Muller, 1774)
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2020) Celik, Meryem Yesim; Duman, Mehmet Bedrettin; Sariipek, Merve; Goren, Gulsen Uzun; Ozturk, Dilara Kaya; Kocatepe, Demet; Karayucel, Sedat
    The proximate and amino acid compositions of the visceral mass and pedal mass of wild and farmed land snail Cornu aspersum were compared. The lipid in all body parts of farmed snail was significantly higher than all body parts of wild snail. The ash content of wild snail pedal mass was higher than all body parts of farmed snails. The dominant amino acid was glutamic acid (Glu), while the highest values of essential amino acids were leucine (Leu) and arginine (Arg) in all body parts of all snails. Sulfur amino acid was the lowest value in C. aspersum, which indicated that methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) could have been the first limiting amino acids. The study results showed that the protein efficiency rate (PER) of C. aspersum is close to PER of egg, which indicates a high protein quality and high biological value of land snails. The study also demonstrated that the experimental diet had good acceptability and well-balanced essential amino acid content, meaning that the farmed snails could have almost the same protein characterization as wild snails. Thus, all body parts of both wild and farmed C. aspersum have high protein quality.
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    Determination of growth performance, meat quality and colour attributes of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the southern Black Sea coasts of Turkey
    (Wiley, 2019) Ozturk, Dilara Kaya; Baki, Birol; Ozturk, Recep; Karayucel, Sedat; Goren, Gulsen Uzun
    The aim of this study was to determine the growth performance, meat quality and colour attributes of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in net cage systems in the southern Black Sea coasts of Turkey. In the study, large rainbow trout with an initial weight of 1,322.07 +/- 57.72 g were reached to 3,385.30 +/- 140.98 g and the survival rates were 95.69 +/- 1.32% in 5-month production period. Crude protein and crude fat values of fish meat were ranged between 16.75 +/- 0.07-20.18 +/- 0.90% and 9.22 +/- 0.15-12.29 +/- 0.42%, respectively (p < .05). The essential and non-essential amino acid values were between 12.92 +/- 0.02-13.09 +/- 0.01 g/100 g and 11.97 +/- 0.14-11.47 +/- 0.01 g/100 g, respectively (p > .05). C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, 3 and 6 values in fish meat were between 4.32 +/- 0.02-4.30 +/- 0.08% (p < .05), 8.31 +/- 0.10-7.72 +/- 0.15% (p < .05), 13.41 +/- 0.10-12.93 +/- 0.23% (p < .05) and 21.85 +/- 0.06%-19.74 +/- 0.36 (p < .05), respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that large rainbow trout cultured in the southern Black Sea coasts of Turkey is a rich source of food in terms of fatty and amino acid compositions and atherogenicity index, thrombogenicity index and hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic values.
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    Seasonal variation of fatty acid compositions in freshwater crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823)
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2025) Goren, Gulsen Uzun
    This study aims to determine the fatty acid composition of Pontastacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 crayfish living in Cernek Lake in Bafra Fish Lakes in four seasons. The study was carried out over a period of one year. The crayfish used in the study were randomly sampled from their natural habitat at legal catch sizes. It was found that there was no difference in saturated fatty acid (SFA) concentrations among autumn/summer and spring/winter seasons, but there was a difference (p < 0.05) among autumn/winter and spring/summer seasons. It was found that there was a difference (p < 0.05) between the concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (Sigma MUFA) in the spring and summer seasons. While the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Sigma PUFA) showed similar characteristics in the summer and autumn seasons, it was found that the concentrations were different in the other seasons (p < 0.05). It was also found that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations were lowest in spring and highest in summer, and the annual mean was 13.16 +/- 1.10. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations were highest in winter and the annual mean was 6.79 +/- 0.33. EPA+DHA concentrations were highest in the summer season and the annual mean was 19.96 +/- 1.26. Omega-3 (omega-3) concentrations were highest in spring and lowest in autumn. In addition, the average annual Sigma Omega 3 (omega-3) concentration was 25.05 +/- 4.62. Sigma Omega 6 (omega-6) concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer, and the annual general average was 18.60 +/- 2.12. The annual average of Sigma omega-3/Sigma omega-6 ratios was 1.36 +/- 0.33. Based on the results of this study, these crayfish are an important source of (omega-3) fatty acids. This investigation will have a beneficial impact on the local market and potential aquaculture activities.
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    Site properties for snail farming: the role of environmental factors and soil profiles in Cornu aspersum mineral content
    (Springer, 2024) Celik, Meryem Yesim; Culha, Saniye Turk; Duman, Mehmet Bedrettin; Altan, Can Okan; Goren, Gulsen Uzun; Kostekli, Bayram
    The research aims to emphasize the importance of site selection in snail farming by examining how differences in environmental variables and regional characteristics influence the mineral content of Cornu aspersum snails. This is achieved through a comparative analysis of the mineral contents in their muscle tissue and shells, including calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, ash, and dry matter, across two locations in the Black Sea region: Fatsa (F) and Sinop (S). The study found that snails allocate resources based on available calcium to strengthen their shells for survival. Snails in Fatsa, with high sodium intake, may be unhealthy and suffer from dehydration, and the quality of their meat appears poor due to unfavorable calcium-to-phosphorus and sodium-to-potassium ratios. In Sinop, higher calcium and inorganic content in shells provided hardness, while high calcium in meat caused toughness. These findings underscore the significance of understanding and managing soil profiles for sustainable snail farming, thereby informing site selection and optimizing conditions for growth and nutritional quality.