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    The effect of family financial support on facilitating students' academic success: A mixed methods analysis during university closure and reopening toward indigenous empowerment
    (Emerald Publishing, 2025) Lulaj, Enkeleda; Cardoso, Luis; Muthmainnah; Bayram, Gul Erkol; Asrifan, Andi
    This study presents an empirical analysis of the impact of family financial support (FAM) on students' academic success across three countries: Kosovo (KOS), Portugal (PT), and Indonesia (ID). The primary aim was to assess differences in the extent of family financial support and self-financing (SF) of education among these countries, as well as to evaluate the significance of independent variables on student performance (FAM, SF) during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 216 students enrolled in PhD, Master's, Bachelor's, and professional programs, and analyzed using SPSS (WV23). The analysis utilized descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and the General Linear Model (GLM). Results revealed significant variations in family financial support, with differing levels of assistance affecting academic outcomes. Independent variables were found to have a notable influence on student performance, demonstrated through tests such as ANOVA (p , 0.005), multiple comparisons (p , 0.005), Levene's test (p > 0.005), and between-subject's effects (p < 0.005). The findings underscore the need for families in all three countries to adapt to the changing educational landscape, particularly in the postpandemic era, by aligning financial support with the evolving academic demands. Limitations of the study include the scope of variables, student sample size, and geographical focus, highlighting the potential for broader research in future studies. © 2025 Enkeleda Lulaj, Luis Cardoso, Muthmainnah, Gul Erkol Bayram and Andi Asrifan. All rights reserved.