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    Development and characterization of sustainable cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced bio-adhesive films for wood-to-wood bonding
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Dalkilic, Berk; Ozen, Ertan; Candan, Zeki
    This study aimed to develop and characterize water-activatable bio-adhesive films designed for wood-to-wood bonding. The bio-adhesive films were prepared by blending polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with chitosan (CS) and reinforced with varying amounts of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) using the casting method. The effect of CNF reinforcement on the films' physical (thickness, water solubility, and contact angle), morphological, thermal (melting and glass transmission temperature), mechanical (tensile strength), and adhesive properties (adhesive strength via single lap-shear) was evaluated.CS/PVA bio-adhesive films demonstrated an adhesive strength of 4 MPa. CNF reinforcement enhanced adhesive strength up to a CNF content of 5%; however, further increases in CNF concentration decreased the adhesive strength. CS/PVA films reinforced with 3% CNF exhibited the optimum adhesive strength of 4.20 MPa. Furthermore, the reactivated films retained their adhesive properties after repeated testing, maintaining an adhesive strength of 1.18 MPa. For comparison, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)-based adhesive demonstrated an adhesive strength of 4.42 MPa.The bio-adhesive films demonstrated adhesive strength comparable to commercial PVA-based adhesives, while also providing additional benefits such as low waste production, uniformity, customizable sizing, and reusability. The reinforcement of CNF significantly enhanced the performance properties of the bio-adhesive films, making them highly suitable for sustainable wood-to-wood bonding applications.
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    Nanosensors Based on Lignocellulosic Materials
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2024) Dalkilic, Berk; Durmaz, Ekrem; Oncul, Bartu; Candan, Zeki
    In recent years, lignocellulosic materials have become regarded as attractive and noteworthy natural resources owing to their renewability, recyclability, easy processability, abundance, biodegradability, and low cost. The developments in nanotechnology have opened new doors in the field of bio-based nanosensor technology, which is utilized in electronics, optical products, communication, automotive, packaging, tissue engineering, biomedical, textile, etc. This paper mainly focuses on the usage of lignocellulosic materials in nanosensors.