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    An evaluation of the use of alcohol fuels in SI engines in terms of performance, emission and combustion characteristics: A review
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Goktas, Meltem; Balki, Mustafa Kemal; Sayin, Cenk; Canakci, Mustafa
    Vehicles powered by fossil-fuels cause to increase harmful gases in the environment and decrease petroleum reserves. To minimize these damages, many researchers submitted that one of the alternative fuels which could obtain desired performance and release minimum rates of exhaust emissions in spark-ignition (SI) engines is alcohol fuel, and they carried out many experimental studies. In this review study, experimental studies which indicate the changes in performance parameters, emissions such as hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx), and combustion characteristics by using alcohol fuel in SI engines were investigated in detail and the increments and decrements in related parameters were indicated in separated tables. In addition, the graphs which indicate how much alteration obtained by using what kind of alcohol and what amount of alcohol in comparison with using gasoline were created.
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    The effect of different alcohol fuels on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2014) Balki, Mustafa Kemal; Sayin, Cenk; Canakci, Mustafa
    In this experimental study, the effect of alcohol (ethanol and methanol) use on the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of a low power single-cylinder engine described the rated power output of the engine e. g. 2 kW were investigated and the results were compared with conventional gasoline operation. The tests were performed at full-throttle valve opening and variable engine speeds. The results show that the use of alcohol fuels increased the engine torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), thermal efficiency and combustion efficiency. In addition, the cylinder gas pressure and heat release rate occurred earlier; carbon dioxide (CO2) emission increased while hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions decreased. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.