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Öğe A theoretical analysis of hydrogen-natural gas blends in slab tundish heating systems for green steel revolution(2025) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Baltacioglu, Mustafa Kaan; Has, Seyit MustafaThe transformation of the iron and steel industry toward carbon neutrality is a global priority under Net Zero 2050 strategies and the European Green Deal. Recent investigations have emphasized that hydrogen–natural gas (H₂/NG) blending represents a technically feasible and near-term approach for the partial decarbonization of high-temperature steelmaking operations. This study theoretically investigates hydrogen-natural gas blending for tundish preheating in slab casting, with a focus on İSDEMİR, one of Türkiye’s largest steel producers. A fuel mixture containing 10% hydrogen and 90% natural gas by volume is evaluated in terms of energy equivalence, CO₂ emissions reduction, and economic feasibility. The analysis assumes continuous operation, negligible heat losses, and 100 % combustion efficiency to isolate the effects of hydrogen blending. The results indicate that a 10 % hydrogen substitution yields a 3.2 % reduction in CO₂ emissions compared with the pure natural gas process, which aligns with previous combustion studies reporting 3-5 % CO₂ mitigation for similar H₂ fractions. The required hydrogen is produced on site with solar photovoltaic (PV) powered polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis system, achieving a 6.2 year payback period, consistent with economic evaluations from the International Renewable Energy Agency and the IEA Hydrogen Review. Beyond its numerical outcomes, this study provides a strategic model for Türkiye’s Green Steel transition, aligning with national decarbonization goals and the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Similar frameworks across Europe and the UK illustrate the compatibility of existing natural gas infrastructure with blended fuels. The İSDEMİR case exemplifies how conventional gas systems can be progressively adapted for hydrogen integration, offering a replicable framework for other steel plants in developing economies. Additionally, the safety aspects of the H₂/NG mixture, such as flame stability, flashback risk, and potential impacts on burner components and refractory materials, are highlighted as subjects for future investigation to support practical application.Öğe Advanced Technologies and Recent Applications on Fuel Cell Powered Marine Transport(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Yildiz, Yunus Onur; Burgaç, AlperLately, particularly in the last decade, the whole world has been doing its best to minimize the effects of global warming and CO[[inf]]2[[/inf]] emissions. Although the increasing population and power plants’ energy demand for fossil fuels slow down this process, technological progress counteracts the growing demand for a clean future for the world. Maritime transportation is also a large industry that needs to be efficient and environmentally friendly. Different alternative propulsion systems are designed for large marine vehicles that require significant power to navigate in an environmentally friendly, efficient, and low-cost manner. This section is to expand on the following topics: the areas of fuel cells in maritime transportation, their importance, advantages, and barriers, working systems of new technologies, the efficiency of hybrid systems, recent applications and new projects, life cycle assessments, economic/regulation aspects and how hydrogen and fuel cells may affect this industry in the near future in the context of new studies. Moreover, the key points of using hydrogen via fuel cells are analyzed. Its main advantage is being an efficient, resource-free, and environmentally friendly fuel in maritime transportation. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Öğe Design, modelling and evaluation of a hybrid fuel cell military locomotive for ammunition/personnel deployment(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Başar, Mustafa Tunahan; Baltacioğlu, Mustafa Kaan; Arat, Hüseyin TuranHybrid electric and fuel cell propulsion systems have become increasingly prevalent in locomotive and rail applications over the last decade. In this simulation-based study, a hybrid locomotive (powered by a fuel cell and battery) was modeled and analyzed using the AVL Cruise M software for potential military applications. A scenario was designed where a hybrid fuel cell locomotive was utilized to transport military ammunition and personnel over a 607.4 km route between Istanbul and Ankara. Key battery parameters such as state of charge (SOC), energy, and power, as well as fuel cell parameters including energy output, efficiency, and hydrogen consumption, were simulated under specified conditions. The analysis revealed that the military locomotive powered by a hybrid fuel cell propulsion system achieved a hydrogen consumption rate of 8.02 kg per 100 km during the journey. Notably, significant variations in hydrogen consumption were observed in scenarios involving short distances with rapid accelerations compared to stable long distance road conditions. Furthermore, the study highlighted both the performance implications of the hybrid fuel cell locomotive and the strategic advantages of rail transportation in the military sector. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCÖğe E-Fuels production(Elsevier, 2025) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Balki, Mustafa Kemal; Ince, Alper CanElectrofuels (e-fuels) are produced by combining recycled CO2 with hydrogen obtained from water electrolysis through renewable energy. There are various production methods for e-fuels, which are expected to be an important milestone on the path to decarbonization. This book chapter presents the importance of e-fuels, production methods, advantages and disadvantages, techno-economic visualization, and current status. Therewithal, some suggestions are given on how to increase the production of e-fuels while reducing their costs. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Öğe EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS ABOUT ATTENDANCE TO WHEC 2022 CONFERENCE(International Association for Hydrogen Energy, IAHE, 2022) İskenderoğlu, Feride Cansu; Baltacıoğlu, Mustafa Kaan; Arat, Hüseyin TuranIn recent years, it has become very important to examine the positive or negative factors affecting participation in Scientific Conferences and to determine the right strategies. In this study, it is aimed not only at academic research focusing on the motivating and hindering factors in the literature, but also to expand the existing academic knowledge in terms of social media platforms, together with the data obtained from the social media platforms of the WHEC2022 conference. In addition to new and established factors affecting conference attendance, an interactive management and organizational strategies are proposed. An increase of 3.2% was observed in the WHEC2022 conference participation with the social media strategy used. Research findings are important for conference administrators in addressing the higher-importance social media strategies that affect conference attendance and the factors that affect them. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.Öğe Electric vehicles and future of transport sector(CRC Press, 2022) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Baltacioglu, Mustafa Kaan; Conker, CaglarHumankind lives in this last century where their habits and technology requirements have rapidly changed and evolved. The increasing unbalanced population and energy necessity have pushed researchers and technology-oriented argument owners into searching for different and more efficient energy sources. It has also updated its direction with the "electricity" option in the change of transportation technologies, which is the main cause of depleting oil resources and increasing emissions. For the last 50 years, vehicles used in transportation sectors (land, air, marine) adapted themselves either to hybrid or pure electrical power systems. Especially in the last 20 years, with an increasing trend and social favorable, the values and effects of "electric vehicles" (EV) have increased positively and have taken their place in the sector. In this book section, among the topics that the authors promised their readers, the state of the art and short history of EV technology, reasons for its emergence and development, advantages and disadvantages, technologies that evolved in its development process, and preliminary information about supply-demand situations and costs are given. In more detail, EV types, components, structures, topologies, hybrid EVs; battery EVs; fuel cell EVs differences and comparisons; battery and material technologies; energy efficiency; charging and filling stations/capabilities; control strategies, and reachable market data issues were covered. The last chapter of this book section, where recent works are mentioned in detail, is devoted to ideas about the future predictions of EVs in technology, environmental, and sociological terms. Since it is believed to be much more sustainable than oil and its derivatives with limited resources of electrical energy obtained in different ways and "near limitless", EVs will continue to use both in terms of performance, efficiency, and supply-demand trends over the next decades. Besides, transportation vehicles (ships, planes) that need "huge power" with the further development of materials and battery technology will tend to be electrified. As a result; in the energy family, EVs will be talked about more in the next century and will be the main subject in engineering life in terms of many types of research and products. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Muhammad Asif. All rights reserved.Öğe ENERGY PERSPECTIVE AND ANALYSES OF SEAWATER ELECTROLYZER FOR SEA VEHICLE(International Association for Hydrogen Energy, IAHE, 2022) Sürer, Meryem Gizem; Arat, Hüseyin TuranIn this study, a prototype marine vehicle is designed to produce hydrogen from sea water and convert it into electricity and use it as an auxiliary power in the main propulsion, and it is provided to look at this design from an energy perspective. In the designed marine vehicle, the main propulsion power was provided by a diesel generator. In this study, first of all, the requirements were determined, a conceptual design was made, and necessary evaluations were made from the energy perspective. In this study, high-weight hydrogen storage difficulties will be avoided by providing hydrogen production at any time, and costs will decrease in the long run. In addition, it will make great contributions to zero carbon dioxide studies. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.Öğe Experimental and theoretical fuel property comparison of four different waste biomass with a commercial counterpart(2025) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Baltacioglu, Mustafa Kaan; Başar, Mustafa Tunahan; Doğan, YarenThe study focused on determining the fuel properties of apple pulp, pomegranate seeds, pomegranate peel and orange peel wastes to convert them into pellet fuel. The organic wastes were crushed and pressed into pellets, and solid fuel characterization process was conducted to analyze moisture content, ash content, volatile matter determination, fixed carbon content, total sulfur content, hydrogen content, lower heating value and higher heating values. The experimental analysis showed that the dry pomegranate seed pellet had 4244 kcal/kg, which was lower than the commercial pellet with 4759 kcal/kg calorific value under the same conditions. The moisture content of the commercial pellet and pomegranate seed samples were also different, with the commercial pellet having a higher moisture content at 5.42% compared to pomegranate seed samples at 1.83%. With low moisture content, production costs can be reduced and processing time can be shortened, making it easier to process low moisture samples than dry ones. Using organic wastes in the combustion process is also promising from an environmental and economic perspective.Öğe Investigation of instantaneous temperature variations in hydrogen PEM fuel cell stack under cold climate conditions(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Albayrak Çeper, BilgeIn recent years, the producing energy through alternative ways, increasing its diversity, decarbonization and green deal's themes have been working hard by all stakeholders for the protection of our world and environment. When the manufacturing and powering an engineering application has utilized, it should be fulfilling the essential environmental and working conditions in accordance with its purpose. These conditions are among the newly studied topics for hydrogen and fuel cell applications, which have recently become popular in the energy sector. In this study, how a modeled PEM fuel cell is instantaneously affected at minus degrees (0, −5, −10,-11,-12,-13,-14,-15) is examined in “AVL Cruise M″ simulation platform. The momentary detailed evaluation under the extreme cold conditions for PEMFC has revealed the time-dependent changes of parameters such as energy, heat flow, voltage and wall temperature. Consequently, it has been observed that fuel cell temperatures, especially at −13, −14 and −15°; affect the total operation efficiency negatively and reduce the voltage value almost by 19%. Also, the future recommendations mentioned that how can be minimizing these negative effects. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCÖğe WHAT IS THE KEY ROLE OF HYDROGEN ENERGY IN METAVERSE(International Association for Hydrogen Energy, IAHE, 2022) İskenderoğlu, Feride Cansu; Arat, Hüseyin Turan; Baltacıoğlu, Mustafa KaanWith the increase in digitalization, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. Web 3 version, IoT technologies, social media platforms, rapidly increasing online worlds with online games and the popularization of crypto technologies make people dependent on energy. One of the most important problems of crypto and metaverse technology is the insatiable use of electricity. The current research uses a PEM fuel cell system as a renewable energy source to meet the electricity demand required for crypto mining. The required amount of hydrogen and equipment for the fuel cell system are explained. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.
