Yazar "Ahmed, Quratulan" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 23
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe A review on heavy metal levels in sea cucumbers(2020) Bat, Levent; Ahmed, Quratulan; Öztekin, Ayşah; Arıcı, ElifHeavy metals can remain in the marine ecosystems for a long time, they may affect biota in the food chain as a result. Sometimes theexistence of xenobiotics causes so great a alter in the ecosystem that a return to earlier, natural conditions is not viable. Human pressureon the sea’s resources is increasing, it affects the health of many organisms, leading to changes in the food chains and influencingaccumulation in the tissues of biota. Sea cucumbers are being used for heavy metal pollution studies. They are preferred with theirmany features such as easy collection from the land, feeding with organic matter, contact with sediment, maintenance in laboratories,obtaining sufficient tissue, consuming some species. This review covers heavy metal studies with sea cucumbers in different seas. Theresults are compared with each other. In addition, the evaluation of the consumed sea cucumber species in terms of human health hasbeen discussed.Öğe A Review on Studies of Heavy Metal Determination in Mackerel and Tuna (Family-Scombridae) Fishes(Bülent VEREP, 2018) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, Levent; Öztekin, Aysah; Ali, Qadeer MohammadIn this review, the chemicals, some of the mostimportant of which are heavy metals and their accumulation level in Mackerels,Tunas, and Bonitos in mainly the Arabian Sea and coastland in other seas werereviewed and compared.Öğe A Review on Studies of Heavy Metal Determination in Mackerel and Tuna (FamilyScombridae) Fishes(2018) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, Levent; Öztekin, Aysah; Ali, Qadeer MohammadMany chemicals especially heavy metals that are exist in fish are essential for human life at low amounts, but can be toxicat high amounts. Other chemicals such as Hg, As, Cd and Pb have not any essential function in biota and are toxic even at very low amountswhen ingested for a long period. The aim of this review is to compare and evaluate heavy metal levels in commercial fish species from theArabian Sea and coastline in other seas. In this review, Mackerels, Tunas and Bonitos species, the most commercial of Scombridae family, werechosen. The state of the metal pollution levels of these fishes is revealed under the light of the literature. The chemicals, some of which are themost important heavy metals such as Zn, Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr and Mn were chosen and their amounts in commercial fish were evaluated.Most of studies showed that essential metals in fish species are much high, but the quantities of non-essential metals in edible tissues offish are found to be less. This review has shown that fish are used as bio-monitoring in heavy metal pollution. It is suggested that suchinvestigations should be continuous in terms of both human health and determination of metal pollution of our coasts.Öğe A Study on Diet Composition and Feeding Habits of Sphyraena putnamae Jordan & Seale, 1905 from the Northern Arabian Sea(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2025) Zohra, Kashifa; Yousuf, Farzana; Ahmed, Quratulan; Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Bilgin, Sabri; Bat, LeventThe food and feeding habits of the Sphyraena putnamae (n=381) ranging from 16 to 99 cm were investigated the Karachi coast, the Northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan. S. putnamae consumed various prey items, which were divided into three categories: teleosts, molluscs, and crustaceans. Molluscs and crustaceans were the second preferred food component rather than teleost. The major constituents of the teleost group on basis of their ascendancy, were identified to be (dorosomatids; sciaenids; leiognathids; platycephalids; engraulids; carangids; bregmacerotids; nemipterids; scombrids; and synodontids). The empty stomach ratio and stomach fullness index did not differ significantly between the sexes and size classes. The stomach fullness index of juvenile barracudas (16-29 cm in length) was significantly higher as compared to adults in the medium (30-55 cm) and large (56-99 cm) size groups. Additionally, an analysis of dietary preferences revealed that small (juvenile) barracudas (16-29 cm) primarily consumed crustaceans, while medium-sized individuals (30-55 cm) preferred mollusks, and large individuals (56-99 cm) favoured teleost. The present study provides detailed information on the feeding ecology of the S. putnamae, for the first time from the Pakistan coast that will be useful for understanding trophodynamics of species developing effective management and conservation measures, ensuring the species' long-term viability.Öğe ANALYSIS OF MERCURY (HG) IN FOUR HOLOTHURIANS SPECIES (PHYLUM-ECHINODERMATA) FROM KARACHI COAST-NORTHERN ARABIAN SEA(2018) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, Levent; Alı, Qadeer MohammadNowadays metal bioaccumulation in holothuroids is increasing and is a cause of worry owing totoxicity. In the present study the concentrations of mercury (Hg) were measured in holothuroids(Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola Semper, 1868, Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka,1867, Holothuria (Lessonothuria) verrucosa Selenka, 1867 and Holothuria (Halodeima) atraJaeger, 1833) collected during different seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) in2015 at Buleji and Sunehri coasts of Karachi, Pakistan. Hg concentrations of tentacles were higherthan those in muscle, tentacle and gut tissues of the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon.The lowest Hg concentrations were found in muscle tissues at all seasons in Buleji and Sunehricoasts. The mean levels in the muscle tissues were 0.018 mg/kg dry wt. for H. arenicola, 0.024mg/kg dry wt. for H. verrucosa, 0.026 mg/kg dry wt. for H. pardalis and 0.036 mg/kg dry wt. forH. Atra. The results indicate that according to the European Union legislation the Hg amounts inall tissues of holothurians is much lower than permitted levels. In terms of Estimated WeeklyIntakes, this current work also proved that there was no likely health hazard to consumers on account of intake of sea cucumbers under the current consumption rate in Buleji and Sunehri coastsof Karachi, Arabian Sea.Öğe Analysis of Microplastic in Holothuria leucospilota (Echinodermata-Holothuroidea) and Sediments from Karachi coast, (Northern Arabian Sea)(2023) Ahmed, Quratulan; Öztekin, Ayşah; Alı, Qadeer Mohammad; Bat, Levent; Shaikh, IqraMicroplastics are found in all aquatic environments, and they can have several negative impacts on marine life. In this study, the distribution of microplastics in the sediment and in the organs (gut, respiratory tree, and tentacles) of sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) collected from Mubarak Village and Cape Monze on the Karachi coast of Pakistan were investigated. The microplastic amount in different organs of H. leucospilota was found as 15.3-40.45 pieces/individual in the gut, 15.45-23.9 pieces/individual in the respiratory tree, 8.9-9.55 pieces/individual in tentacles. The microplastic amount of sediment samples was 57.40-129.35 pieces/kg. Fibers were the dominant microplastic type, up to 99% of all samples. The results of the present study show that the region is contaminated with microplastics both in biota and in sediments.Öğe Assessment of Hg in Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota (Brandt, 1835) from Karachi coasts, Pakistan(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, LeventThe aim of the present study was to determine mercury levels in sediments, surface sea water and Holothuria leucospilota muscles and skin in two selected sites from Karachi coast. Samples were collected during two seasons south-west monsoon (August-September) and north-east monsoon (December-January). The concentrations of Hg in sediment ranged from 0.0012 to 0.0023 mg kg(-1), and in surface water from 0.00018 to 0.00034 (mu g l(-1)), while in muscle and skin of black sea cucumber ranged from LOD to 0.0034 and LOD to 0.0046 mg kg(-1) dry wt., respectively. Moreover, Hg showed the highest accumulation rate in the skin tissue with BSAF values ranging between 2 in Buleji and 2.69 in Sunehri at north-east monsoon. The BSAF values in the muscles of the black sea cucumber ranged from 1.44 at south-west monsoon in Buleji to 1.63 at north-east monsoon in Sunehri, respectively. Since BSAF value is higher than 2 on the skin of sea cucumber, it is evaluated as macro-concentrator. However, the BSAF value varies between 1 and 2 in muscle, it has been determined as micro-concentrator. Hg in the black sea cucumbers from Buleji and Sunehri sites of the Karachi coasts is very bio-accumulative (BCF > 5000) during both sampling seasons.Öğe Comparison of electronic length frequency analysis (ELEFAN) for estimation of growth parameters for lollyfish, Holothuria (Holothuria) atra and sand sea cucumber, Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) in the north Arabian Sea, Pakistan(2020) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bilgin, Sabri; Alı, Qadeer MohammadTo estimate the growth parameters, the non-seasonal von Bertalanffy and Hoenig seasonal von Bertalanffy models were fitted to the length frequency data of Holothuria atra and H. arenicola obtained from coastal areas of Karachi in the northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan between January and December 2014. The Hoenig seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated as L∞=36.1 cm total length (TL), K=0.75 year-1 for H. atra and as L∞=34.9 cm TL, K=0.70 year-1 for H. arenicola. H. atra individuals reached 73.9% of their maximum total length at the one year old. For H. arenicola it was calculated as 72.7%. Monthly mean growth rate of H. atra at the same ages was calculated higher than H. arenicola. The seasonal oscillation in growth rate for H. atra (C=0.50) was larger than it was for H. arenicola (C=0.37). The time of the year when the growth is slowest corresponded to the middle of April (WP=0.30) in H. atra and at the beginning of August (WP=0.60) in H. arenicola may be the result of the extended both reproduction and poor nutrition periods due to monsoonal effects on the marine environment. The relatively high growth rates (K>0.7 year-1) of these two species may have important implications for high survival rate, particularly in environmental condition where cause biological stress and marine confusion but may also increase their potential as a candidate species for aquaculture.Öğe First record of Calyptotheca alexandriensis (Cheilostomatida, Lanceoporidae) from Ras Juddi (Pasni) Makran coast, Northern Arabian Sea(Adem Yavuz SONMEZ, 2025) Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Baloch, Ateeqa; Ahmed, Quratulan; Taylor, Paul D.; Bat, LeventThe available information regarding bryozoans in coastal areas of Pakistan is limited. This research paper presents the first record of Calyptotheca alexandriensis from Ras Juddi (Pasni) along the Makran coast, and the second record globally of this species. This species was first reported in the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria, Egypt, as a distinctive deep orange erect foliaceous bryozoan and was observed abundantly on various hard substrates, such as rocks, ropes, metal pipes supporting marina piers, and ship hulls. The discovery adds a new record of the family, Lanceoporidae, and genus, Calyptotheca, to the bryozoan fauna of Pakistan, expanding its known distribution to the Northern Arabian Sea. The present specimens were collected during December 2021–October 2022 and subjected to detailed taxonomic analysis using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study contributes to the understanding of bryozoan biodiversity in the region and highlights the potential for further discoveries along the unexplored coastal areas of Pakistan. © 2025, Adem Yavuz SONMEZ. All rights reserved.Öğe First Study on the Fish Fauna and Fisheries Resources of Kalmat Khor - A Coastal Lagoon on Balochistan Coast, Pakistan (Northern Arabian Sea)(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2026) Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Baloch, Azizullah; Ahmed, Quratulan; Uygun, Orcin; Bat, LeventThe research study presents first record of fish fauna and fisheries resources of Kalmat Khor during October 2020 to September 2021. A coastal lagoon with a unique and remarkable location on the coastline of Pakistan, bordering the northern Arabian Sea. The area exhibits rich aquatic biodiversity and features an excellent water body that provides spawning, feeding, and shelter grounds for economically important finfish and shellfish. Coastal lagoons and baysknown to be of excellent environmental and viable value, offering various habitats those serve as breeding, nursery, feeding, and refuge areas for numerous aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Since the Kalmat Khor is a data-deficient area, no information, published data, or reports are available hence, the present study presents a vital contribution to the scientific understanding of this coastal lagoon ecosystem.The area depicts significant socioeconomic dependence on the fishing operations conducted in Kalmat Khor. The lagoon is inhabited by 45 fish species belonging to 27 families, all of which are purely marine species. The most abundant fish species Arius maculates, Sardinella sindensis, Thryssa dussumieri, Planiliza subviridis, and Otolithes ruber and the most dominant percentage composition of fish families Dorosomatidae (14%), Carangidae (11%), and Mugilidae (10%) were observed. It is interesting to note that fish fauna varies according to the location and depth of the lagoon. The community is well-informed about the local ecosystem, fish species, and resource management practices. Their clear understanding of sustainable development shows strict compliance with the management strategies for fisheries and other natural resources.Öğe Heavy Metals in Terapon puta (Cuvier, 1829) from Karachi Coasts, Pakistan(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2015) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, Levent; Yousuf, FarzanaThis study was carried out to investigate the accumulation of Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Ni in Terapon puta from Karachi Fish Harbor, Pakistan. There were no significant differences in the concentration of the metals except Mn in T. puta, which is obtained from the different seasons. The highest metal concentration is Fe followed by Mn. Cd, Pb, and Ni were measured relatively lower concentrations. The mean (± SD) Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, and Pb levels in the muscles tissues of T. puta were 25.5±13.71, 6.07±3.58, 0.47±0.29, 0.46±0.27, and 0.43±0.25 mg/kg dry wt., respectively, whereas the mean (± SD) Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, and Pb levels in the liver tissues of T. puta were 562±105, 18.62±11.86, 1.06±0.47, 1.20±0.53, and 1.01±0.50 mg/kg dry wt., respectively. Cd and Pb levels exceeded the Commission Regulation of European Union maximum limit of 0.05 mg/kg and 0.30 mg/kg, respectively. However, the results of Estimated Weekly Intake and Estimated Daily Intake indicate that the heavy metal levels in the samples are generally within respective recommended guidelines. Thus, it would appear from this study that the heavy metal levels in T. puta from Karachi coasts are low enough not to present a health hazard if the fish are consumed, although due attention should be paid to the maximum acceptable daily intake per kilogram body weight. © 2015 Quratulan Ahmed et al.Öğe Hydrobiological Studies in Kalmat Khor, a Coastal Lagoon on Balochistan Coast (Northern Arabian Sea)(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2026) Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Baloch, Azizullah; Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, LeventUnderstanding the health of marine ecosystems through hydrobiological studies is vital for effective management and conservation of marine biodiversity and fisheries resources, as it provides valuable insights into the status of water bodies and informs decision-making. Data gathered at Kalmat Khor, Makran coast, Balochistan on the seasonal change in physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton are of considerable value. The air and water temperature varied between 23 and 35 degrees C and 20 to 32 degrees C, salinity 37-40 parts per thousand pH, 7.9-8.6 dissolve oxygen (mg/L) and (7.0-8.0 mg/L). A total of 26 zooplankton groups were collected using a 500 mu m mesh size net, while 30 groups were recorded from a 250 mu m mesh size net. Samples obtained with the 500 mu m net showed the highest abundance of zoea during the inter-monsoon periods (April and October) and the monsoon season (July and September). In contrast, copepods were most abundant in samples collected with the 250 mu m mesh size net, with peak abundances observed during the pre-monsoon (January and March), monsoon (July and September), inter-monsoon (October), and post-monsoon (December) periods. The collected data can be used as bio-indicators to detect environmental concerns such water quality, acidification of bodies of water, and turbidity, among others. There is no work available on the hydrobiological characteristics of Kalmat Khor, this is pioneer base line study. The study will be helpful in achieving the objectives of conserving and protecting the coastal resources of Makran coast, Balochistan. It is expected that the data will be useful to understand the impact of seasonal changes on the coastal ecosystem and coastal fisheries of the area. The collected data reveals that Kalmat Khor is a unique and remarkable area on the coastline of Pakistan. The area shows rich aquatic biodiversity and an excellent water body providing spawning, feeding and shelter grounds for economically important finfish and shellfish. This study will help to understand the current scenario of this untouched coastal ecosystem, considering the need for coastal zone management and evaluating coastal water quality conditions and biological fertility of Kalmat Khor. The study will be helpful in achieving the object forces of conserving and protecting the coastal resources of Makran coast, Balochistan.Öğe Length Based Growth Estimation of Most Commercially Important Scombridae from Offshore Water of Pakistan Coast in the Arabian Sea(2016) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bilgin, Sabri; Bat, LeventSeasonal growth pattern of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol), kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis) and king mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) were studied during five years period (between August 2006 and December 2011). Seasonal samplings of the species were collected from offshore water of Pakistan coast in the Arabian Sea. The weight - length relationships (WLRs) among the species except E. affinis demonstrated that the growth is allometric type (Pauly's t test, P < 0.005). The seasonal von Bertalanffy growth model parameters computed from seasonal length - frequency distributions, were estimated as L? 67.1 cm TL, K 1.055 year, C 0.990 for E. affinis, as L? 66.8 cm TL, K 1.378 year and C 0.950 for K. pelamis, as L? 71.7 cm TL, K 0.916 year and C 0.849 for T. tonggol, as L? 55.7 cm TL, K 1.049 year and C 0.980 for S. guttatus. The seasonal oscillation in growth rate was determined for the species (C > 0.8). The slowest period of growth corresponded to in September (WP 0.7) for E. affinis, (WP 0.6) in August for K. pelamis, (WP 0.4) in May for T. tonggol and (WP 0.0) in January for S. guttatus.Öğe Length Based Growth Estimation of Sea Cucumbers (Holothuria verrucosa and Holothuria pardalis) (Holothuroidea:Echinodermata) Collected from Coastal Areas of Karachi, Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea)(2020) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bilgin, Sabri; Alı, Qadeer MohammadNon-seasonal von Bertalanffy and Hoenig seasonal von Bertalanffy models were fittedto the length frequency data of Holothuria pardalis and Holothuria verucosa sampled from thecoastal areas of Karachi between January and December 2018 for estimating the growthparameters. The Hoenig seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated as L∞ = 18.0cm total length (TL), K = 1. 00 year-1for H. pardalis and as L∞ = 18.0 cm TL, K = 0.86 year-1forH. verrucosa. H. verrucosa individuals reached 68.9% of their maximum total length at the oneyear old age class. For H. pardalis it was calculated as 54.2%. The seasonal oscillation in growthrate for H. pardalis (C = 0.90) was larger than it was for H. verrucosa (C = 0.18). The slowestperiod of growth corresponded to June in H. verrucosa and February in H. pardalis may be theresult of the extended both reproduction and poor nutrition periods due to high rainfall regime.The relatively high calculated values of growth rate parameters for both species may have animportant state for their survival rate under the condition of biological stress, but may alsoincrease their potential as a candidate species for aquaculture.Öğe Metals levels in Sarda orientalis collected from the commercial landings of Karachi Fish Harbor, Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea) and assessment of likely health risks to the consumers(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2023) Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, Levent; Oztekin, Aysah; Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Ghory, Farhana Shafiq; Yousuf, FarzanaAnthropogenic activities are the major source of chemical pollutants including heavy metals in the coastal ecosystem which may accumulate in the aquatic organisms through the food web. Metal contamination in the marine fish pose serious threat to human health. This study deals with the human health risks of metal accumulation from Sarda orientalis consumption. The quantities of heavy metals were investigated in muscle, gills, and liver of striped bonito from the commercial landings of Karachi Fish Harbor, Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea). Risk for human health was evaluated by iron, zinc, manganese, copper, lead, cadmium, estimated daily intake, hazard index, and risk index. The hazard index value is <1, indicating that the estimated exposure is below reference dose for the relevant metals for monsoon, winter, and pre-monsoon. The mean hazard index for iron, zinc, manganese, copper, lead, and cadmium was 1.20 x 10(-2) for consumers. The mean risk index of lead for S. orientalis was 7.39 x 10(-9). As a result, the metals did not exceed the World Health Organization's and the United States Environmental Protection Agency's toxicological reference.Öğe Microplastic contamination of Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola Semper, 1868, Holothuria pardalis Selenka, 1867, sediments and seawater from Karachi Coast, Northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan(Adem Yavuz SONMEZ, 2025) Ahmed, Quratulan; Öztekin, Ayşah; Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Bat, LeventMicroplastics (MPs) are posing an increasing threat to the marine environment, affecting marine ecosystems and posing potential risks to human health through the food chain. This study aims to investigate the MP contamination of Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola Semper, 1868, Holothuria pardalis Selenka, 1867, sediments and seawater from Buleji coasts of Karachi, Pakistan. The MP contamination was determined in the different body parts of sea cucumber species and both seawater and sediment samples were contaminated with microplastics. The results show that H. arenicola contains more microplastics than H. pardalis. In terms of shape and colour, fibres were the most common form of MPs (>99%), with black being the predominant colour. The highest to the lowest amount of MPs was determined as gut (52±26 pieces/individual in H. arenicola and 31±14 pieces/individual in H. paradis), coelomic fluid (18±10 pieces/individual in H. arenicola and 26±15 pieces/individual in H. paradis), respiratory tree (22±11 pieces/individual in H. arenicola and 14±9 pieces/individual in H. paradis and tentacles (13±8 pieces/individual in H. arenicola and 10±5 pieces/individual in H. paradis), respectively. Determination of MP pollution in these sea cucumbers and their surrounding environment is very important in terms of the importance of these organisms in the marine ecosystems. The biological impacts of MPs on sea cucumbers and other marine organisms can eventually affect humans through the food chain. Therefore, the paper advocates for the development of policies to monitor and reduce MP pollution in marine ecosystems. © 2025, Adem Yavuz SONMEZ. All rights reserved.Öğe Morphological Description of Megalopal Stages of Three Portunid Species (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae) from Indus Deltaic Area (northern-Arabian Sea)(Natural and Engineering Science, 2023) Inam, Urwah; Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Ahmed, Quratulan; Bat, LeventThe larvae of crustaceans, including those of brachyuran crabs, are a significant part of zooplanktonic communities constituting an ecologically important fraction of the pelagic communities. The present study describes taxonomic studies on three megalop stages of Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758), Charybdis feriatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758) belonging to family Portunidae collected from Indus deltaic creek system. Zooplankton samples were collected from three locations: Shahbandar 24°15’48.083’N, 67°90’15’333’E, Ketibandar 24°9’16.06’N, 67°27’7.64’E and Korangi creek 24°48’18.80’’N, 67°12’30.31’E during April to October 2018. No data available on taxonomic studies of portunid megalops upto species level from Paksitan, hence this is a first attempt to examine and to describe taxonomic features of megalops collected in the zooplankton samples. This study will contribute to the scientific knowledge on megalops taxonomy and identification as well as be useful for future research by taxonomists and biologists. © 2023, Natural and Engineering Science. All rights reserved.Öğe Preliminary Observation on Microplastic Contamination in the Scombridae Species From Coastal Waters of Pakistan(2022) Yousuf, Farzana; Bat, Levent; Öztekin, Ayşah; Alı, Qadeer Mohammad; Ahmed, Quratulan; Shaikh, IqraMicroplastics are one of the major pollution problems nowadays, have been found in both marine environments and various fish species worldwide. In this study, the presence of microplastics in the digestive systems and the gills of 6 species from the Scombridae family on the coast of Karachi in Pakistan was investigated. A total of 336 fish were examined for the presence of microplastic in gills and the digestive systems. Microplastics were detected in digestive systems and gills in 11.11%-19.51% and 58.62%-85.71% of total individuals, respectively. The number of microplastics varied from 0.19 to 1.12 items.ind-1 in digestive system and 1.5 to 7.04 items.ind-1 in gill. Fibre was dominant in both gills (98.67-99.17%) and digestive systems (100%). More extensive and further investigations are needed on microplastic contamination of the biota on the Pakistan coast.Öğe Preliminary Study on Abundance of Microplastic in Sediments and Water Samples Along the Coast of Pakistan (Sindh and Balochistan)-Northern Arabian Sea(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2022) Ahmed, Quratulan; Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Bat, Levent; Oztekin, Aysah; Memon, Sehrish; Baloch, AzizullahPlastic material dominates our life and accordingly, it dominates the environment as a pollutant. Pakistan coasts are facing with plastic pollution problem like the rest of the world. The number and types of microplastics found in sea water and sediment samples from 25 locations along the Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan were explored in this study. The results of the present study show that the region is under a high pollution from microplastics. Microplastic abundance in seawater was found as mean 582.12 +/- 246.14 particle. L-1 and in sediment samples was mean 987.40 +/- 617.06 particle.kg-1 dry sediment. Microplastic concentration was maximum in Manora both seawater and sediment samples. Fibers were major contribution to total microplastics, up to 99% of all samples both seawater and sediment samples.Öğe Seasonal Abundance of Fish Larvae in Shahbandar Creek, Indus Deltaic Area, Sindh(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Ali, Qadeer Mohammad; Ahmed, Quratulan; Elahi, Naeema; Mavruk, Sinan; Bat, LeventThe availability of near-shore vegetated environments, such as seagrass meadows and mangroves, plays a crucial role in maintaining the sustainability of fish stocks. The present study investigates the seasonal changes of abundance of fish larvae in Shahbandar Creek, Indus Delta region, Sindh from April 2018 to January 2019. Physico-chemical characteristics of sea water were measured, including air and water temperature (degrees C); salinity (ppt), dissolved oxygen (mg/L); pH and transparency (cm). The highest seasonal larval abundance values were observed in inter-monsoon period (October) through 500 mu m (39 ind./100m3) and 250 mu m (62 ind./100m3) mesh size. The most abundant families were Clupeidae (24%), Carangidae (13%), Gobiidae (19%), Sciaenidae (12%), Engraulidae (15%) and Syngnathidae (17%) during the study period.
