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Öğe Based on the perception of ethics in social commerce platforms: Adopting SEM and MCDM approaches for benchmarking customers in rural communities(Springer, 2023) Sadaa, Abdullah Mohammed; Ganesan, Yuvaraj; Khaw, Khai Wah; Alnoor, Alhamzah; Abbas, Sammar; Chew, XinYing; Bayram, Gul ErkolThe study aimed to determine customers' perceptions of the ethics of social commerce platforms by investigating the role of the impact of information quality, information credibility, website quality, innovativeness, altruism, sense of belongingness, self-enhancement, social support, and valuation of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on the perception of ethics of social commerce platforms. In addition, the strength of the relationship between these factors and the perception of ethics of social commerce platforms was determined by the mediating role of the perceived risk of ethical violations. To this end, this study complements academic literature by integrating structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques. In order to complete the strategic decisive solution, this study uses a survey to collect data from customers of rural communities in Malaysia and Turkey. The results demonstrate that perceived risk of ethical violations has a partial mediating role in the relationship between dependent variables and the perception of ethics of social commerce platforms for Malaysia and Turkey. Benchmarking and ranking customers from best to worst based on the perception of ethics of social commerce would identify customers with a high perception of the ethics of social commerce platforms and motivate them as opinion leaders of such platforms. Contrarily, social commerce platforms can treat worst-ranked customers with caution and strive to turn a negative perception into positive ethics. Besides, the cross-cluster study at the level of Asia and Europe would contribute to the literature to identify insights into the differences and similarities between the Asian and European contexts based on multiple and diverse cultures regarding social commerce ethics of rural communities.Öğe Navigating the power of blockchain strategy: Analysis of technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework and innovation resistance theory using PLS-SEM and ANN insights(Elsevier Science Inc, 2025) Alnoor, Alhamzah; Abbas, Sammar; Sadaa, Abdullah Mohammed; Chew, Xinying; Bayram, Guel ErkolBlockchain technology is rapidly replacing traditional technologies. This technology offers numerous benefits, including transparency, safety and security, authenticity, and traceability, which drive business organizations to adopt it. Thus, the factors that generate resistance to the adoption of blockchain technology must be recognized, and an organization's strategy toward adopting blockchain technology must be influenced. In this study, the vital factors that produce resistance to blockchain technology from the perspective of oil companies operating in Iraq were determined. The three-pronged framework of technology, organization, and environment (TOE) was employed to identify the elements that affect resistance to blockchain technology, with subsequent effects on the blockchain strategy. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed among the managers of the target companies. Among the 381 distributed questionnaires, 313 usable responses were gathered and analyzed via partial least square-structural equation modeling and artificial neural networks to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings show that all the elements of the TOE framework are crucially associated with resistance to blockchain technology and consequently shape the blockchain strategy. Furthermore, resistance to blockchain technology mediates the link between predictors of TOE factors and the blockchain strategy. Therefore, in this work, the present knowledge on resistance to blockchain technology and the blockchain strategy is enhanced by explicating the factors inhibiting blockchain technology adoption in a previously overlooked context. The findings provide practical insight for managers of oil companies to devise effective blockchain strategies for the optimal adoption of blockchain technology.